Table 1 –
Clinical characteristics of stage-one and stage-two cases and controls
| Stage-one cases | Stage-two cases | Stage-two controls | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 491 | % | 2917 | % | 1899 | % | |
| Family history | 491 | 100.0 | 1993 | 68.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Positive | ||||||
| Negative | 0 | 0 | 924 | 31.7 | 1218 | 64.1 |
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 681 | 35.9 |
| Age at diagnosis (yr) | ||||||
| ≤50 | 26 | 5.3 | 233 | 8.0 | 170 | 9 |
| 51–65 | 264 | 53.8 | 1683 | 57.7 | 772 | 40.7 |
| 66–75 | 165 | 33.6 | 826 | 28.3 | 509 | 26.8 |
| >75 | 30 | 6.1 | 157 | 5.4 | 374 | 19.7 |
| Unknown | 6 | 1.2 | 18 | 0.6 | 74 | 3.9 |
| Gleason score | ||||||
| <7 | 129 | 26.3 | 840 | 28.8 | ||
| 7 | 108 | 22.0 | 695 | 23.8 | ||
| >8 | 59 | 12.0 | 698 | 23.9 | ||
| Unknown | 195 | 39.7 | 684 | 23.4 | ||
| Stage | ||||||
| T1 | 21 | 4.3 | 368 | 12.6 | ||
| T2 | 79 | 16.1 | 836 | 28.7 | ||
| T3 | 56 | 11.4 | 722 | 24.8 | ||
| T4 | 6 | 1.2 | 101 | 3.5 | ||
| Unknown | 318 | 64.8 | 890 | 30.5 | ||
| Metastasis | ||||||
| N0 | 52 | 10.6 | 1018 | 34.9 | ||
| N1 | 7 | 1.4 | 329 | 11.3 | ||
| N2 | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 0.1 | ||
| NX | 432 | 88.0 | 1566 | 53.7 | ||
| M0 | 68 | 13.8 | 1096 | 37.6 | ||
| M1 | 12 | 2.4 | 306 | 10.5 | ||
| MX | 411 | 83.7 | 1515 | 51.9 | ||
| PSA | ||||||
| <4 | 25 | 5.1 | 233 | 8.0 | ||
| 4–19 | 157 | 32.0 | 979 | 33.6 | ||
| 20–99 | 60 | 12.2 | 403 | 13.8 | ||
| ≥100 | 11 | 2.2 | 194 | 6.7 | ||
| Unknown | 238 | 48.5 | 1108 | 38.0 | ||
| ICPCG aggressiveness | ||||||
| Insignificant | 2 | 0.4 | 45 | 1.5 | ||
| Moderate | 155 | 31.6 | 704 | 24.1 | ||
| Aggressive | 252 | 51.3 | 1905 | 65.3 | ||
| Unknown | 82 | 16.7 | 263 | 9.0 | ||
| Aggressiveness score a | ||||||
| Missing all clinical data | 138 | 28.1 | 153 | 5.2 | ||
| 0 | 223 | 45.4 | 1390 | 47.7 | ||
| 1 | 36 | 7.3 | 116 | 4.0 | ||
| 2 | 55 | 11.2 | 457 | 15.7 | ||
| 3 | 11 | 2.2 | 176 | 6.0 | ||
| 4 | 17 | 3.5 | 295 | 10.1 | ||
| 5 | 3 | 0.6 | 89 | 3.1 | ||
| 6 | 7 | 1.4 | 130 | 4.5 | ||
| 7 | 1 | 0.2 | 26 | 0.9 | ||
| 8 | 0 | 0.0 | 60 | 2.1 | ||
| 9 | 0 | 0.0 | 10 | 0.3 | ||
| 10 | 0 | 0.0 | 12 | 0.4 | ||
| 12 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 0.1 | ||
ICPCG = International Consortium for Prostate Cancer Genetics; PCa = prostate cancer; PSA = prostate-specific antigen.
a
Aggressiveness score is the sum of scores for the following clinical factors: Gleason score 8–10 (+2 points), node status N1+ (+2 points), metastasis M1 (+2 points), tumor stage T4 (+2 points), PSA at diagnosis (PSA >20, +1 point; PSA >50, +2 points), systemic recurrence (+2 points), and time to PCa death (<5 yr, +2 points; 5–10 yr, +1 point).