Table 5.
Raw estimates for the prevalence of anaemia and deficiencies of iron, zinc, and vitamin A.
| Baseline | Week 22 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Intervention | Placebo | Intervention | |||||
| n/total n | % | n/total n | % | n/total n | % | n/total n | % | |
| Anaemia1 | 22/171 | 12.9 | 29/174 | 16.7 | 8/153 | 5.2 | 9/153 | 5.9 |
| Iron deficiency2,3 | 6/167 | 3.6 | 2/170 | 1.2 | 5/150 | 3.3 | 2/150 | 1.3 |
| Depleted iron stores4 | 4/168 | 2.4 | 1/170 | 0.6 | 2/150 | 1.3 | 2/150 | 1.3 |
| Functional iron deficiency5 | 1/167 | 0.6 | 0/170 | 0.0 | 3/150 | 2.0 | 0/150 | 0.0 |
| Iron deficiency anemia6 | 1/167 | 0.6 | 1/170 | 0.6 | 0/150 | 0.0 | 0/150 | 0.0 |
| Zinc deficiency3,7 | 65/170 | 38.2 | 77/173 | 44.5 | 56/153 | 36.6 | 45/151 | 29.8 |
| Vitamin A deficiency3,8 | 14/169 | 8.3 | 8/172 | 4.7 | 3/151 | 2.0 | 0/151 | 0.0 |
1Defined as haemoglobin < 115 g/L35.
2Defined as depleted iron stores, functional iron deficiency, or iron deficiency anaemia35.
3Serum ferritin, plasma zinc, and plasma retinol concentrations were corrected for inflammation for all children with a C-reactive protein concentration > 5 mg/L at a given time point40,41.
4Defined as a serum ferritin concentration < 15 µg/L36 in the absence of functional iron deficiency or anaemia.
5Defined as ≥ 2 abnormal values for serum ferritin (< 15 µg/L), mean corpuscular volume (< 80 fL), and red blood cell distribution width (> 14.5%) in the absence of anaemia37.
6Defined as haemoglobin < 115 g/L in the presence of functional iron deficiency37.
7Defined as plasma zinc < 9.9 µmol/L34. Plasma zinc was adjusted for time of day of blood sampling before correcting for inflammation42.