Table 1.
Characteristics of 295 Study Participants Before Antiretroviral Therapy or at Entry into the Studya
| Characteristic | Study Participants | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Male (n = 242) | Female (n = 53) | Total (N =295) | |
| General | |||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 48 (39–53) | 51 (44–57) | 48 (41–54) |
| Race/ethnicity, no. (%) | |||
| White non-Hispanic | 145 (60) | 20 (38) | 165 (56) |
| Black non-Hispanic | 43 (18) | 15 (28) | 58 (20) |
| Hispanic | 47 (19) | 17 (32) | 64 (22) |
| Time on ART, median (IQR), y | 7 (6–10) | 8 (6–10) | 7 (6–10) |
| BMI related | |||
| Weight, median (IQR), kg | |||
| Pre-ART | 77 (70–88) | 69 (61–82) | 76 (68–87) |
| At study entry | 83 (73–94) | 73 (66–92) | 82 (71–94) |
| Change from pre-ART to study entry | 4.3 (−1.1 to 10.8) | 4.5 (−1.8 to 12.7) | 4.3 (−1.2 to 11.8) |
| Pre-ART BMI, median (IQR)b | 25.3 (23.0–27.9) | 26.7 (23.3–31.0) | 25.7 (23.1–28.1) |
| Pre-ART BMI category, no. (%) | |||
| Underweight | 4 (2) | 1 (2) | 5 (2) |
| Normal weight | 108 (45) | 15 (28) | 123 (42) |
| Overweight | 96 (40) | 22 (42) | 118 (40) |
| Obese | 33 (14) | 15 (28) | 48 (16) |
| BMI at study entry, median (IQR)b | 26.9 (24.0–29.6) | 29.1 (25.2–33.4) | 27.0 (24.3–31.0) |
| BMI category at study entry, no. (%) | |||
| Underweight | 1 (0) | 1 (2) | 2 (1) |
| Normal weight | 77 (32) | 12 (23) | 89 (30) |
| Overweight | 108 (45) | 16 (30) | 124 (42) |
| Obese | 56 (23) | 24 (45) | 80 (27) |
| BMI change from pre-ART to study entry, median (IQR)b | 1.4 (−0.3 to 3.4) | 1.5 (−0.6 to 4.9) | 1.4 (−0.4 to 3.6) |
| Waist and hip measurements, median (IQR) | |||
| Waist circumference, cm | 94 (87–101) | 95 (86–109) | 94 (87–102) |
| Hip circumference, cm | 99 (93–105) | 107 (98–120) | 100 (94–107) |
| Waist-hip ratio | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | 0.9 (0.9–0.9) | 0.9 (0.9–1.0) |
| HIV-1-related | |||
| CD4+ T-cell count, median (IQR), cells/μL | |||
| Pre-ART | 276 (118–380) | 232 (101–353) | 261 (113–375) |
| At study entry | 669 (512–849) | 718 (563–920) | 681 (515–863) |
| CD4/CD8 ratio, median (IQR) | |||
| Pre-ART | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) |
| At study entry | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) |
| Pre-ART plasma HIV-1 RNA, median (IQR), log10 copies/mL | 4.6 (4.3–5.1) | 4.5 (4.1–4.9) | 4.6 (4.2–5.0) |
| HIV-1 RNA, <40 copies/mL | 242 (100) | 53 (100) | 295 (100) |
| Initial ART regimen | |||
| NNRTI + NRTI | 111 (46) | 27 (51) | 138 (47) |
| PI + NRTI | 87 (36) | 17 (32) | 104 (35) |
| INSTI + NRTI | 34 (14) | 7 (13) | 41 (14) |
| Other | 10 (4) | 2 (4) | 12 (4) |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus 1; INSTI, integrate strand transfer inhibitor; IQR, interquartile range; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor.
aAt entry into the study, participants had been on ART for a median of 7.1 years.
bBMI calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.