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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Primatol. 2020 Apr 16;82(6):e23134. doi: 10.1002/ajp.23134

Table 3:

Means and standard deviations for all 16 spectral and temporal features estimated from spectrograms of 169 coppery titi monkey (Plecturocebus cupreus) pulse-chirp vocalizations from 30 individuals.

Element Parameter Mean ± SD Range
Pulse Element Number of pulses 8.9 ± 2.9 4 – 19
Mean inter-quartile bandwidth (kHz) 1014.8 ± 499.4 107.7 – 2340.0
Mean center frequency (kHz) 4598.6 ± 679.6 2091.8 – 6770.1
Duration of pulse element (s) 2.3 ± 0.8 1.0 – 4.8
Pulse rate (# of notes/pulse duration) 0.26 ± 0.03 0.19 – 0.42
Chirp Notes Mean note bandwidth (kHz) 423.3 ± 137.1 201.0 – 861.3
Mean note highest frequency (kHz) 5036.0 ± 514.5 3722.9 – 6664.0
Mean note lowest frequency (kHz) 4135.3 ± 491.8 3072.4 – 5741.4
Duration of chirps (s) 3.2 ± 1.4 0.6 – 10.3
Duration of time vocalizing (s) 0.8 ± 0.5 0.1 – 3.1
Number of chirps 7.1 ± 2.7 2 – 18
Minimum bandwidth (kHz) 257.9 ± 112.2 86.1 – 775.2
Maximum bandwidth (kHz) 641.2 ± 197.8 258.4 – 1378.1
Highest frequency of all chirps (kHz) 5456.9 ± 553.2 3839.6 – 6756.4
Highest frequency first note (kHz) 4490.1 ± 601.8 3103.6 – 6617.8
Highest frequency last note (kHz) 5302.3 ± 646.7 3545.3 – 6756.4