Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| NGM (=254) | Pre-DM (=197) | DM (=210) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 66.9 ± (13.7) | 68.7 ± 12.6 | 70.7 ± 10.0 | 0.27 |
| Female (%) | 99 (38.9) | 82 (41.6) | 82 (39.1) | |
| Hypertension (%) | 135 (53.2) | 110(55.8) | 152 (72.4) | < 0.01 |
| Smoking (%) | 40 (15.8) | 31 (15.7) | 42 (20.0) | 0.25 |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 42 (16.5) | 39 (19.8) | 86 (41.0) | < 0.01 |
| Prior CAD (%) | 29 (11.4) | 31 (15.7) | 39 (18.6) | 0.09 |
| Atrial fibrillation (%) | 95 (37.4) | 88 (44.7) | 78 (37.1) | 0.2 |
| Prior stroke (%) | 24 (9.5) | 22 (11.2) | 34 (16.2) | 0.08 |
| TOAST classification | 0.48 | |||
| Large artery atherosclerosis (%) | 54 (21.3) | 45 (22.8) | 59 (28) | |
| Cardioembolism (%) | 95 (37.4) | 85 (43.2) | 74 (35.2) | |
| Small vessel occlusion (%) | 36 (14.2) | 20 (10.2) | 20 (9.5) | |
| Other (%) | 5 (2.0) | 3 (1.5) | 3 (1.4) | |
| Undetermined (%) | 64 (25.2) | 44 (22.3) | 54 (25.7) | |
| NIHSS (median) | 9 | 10 | 9 | |
| NIHSS ≥ 10 (%) | 129 (50.8) | 117 (59.4) | 114 (54.3) | 0.91 |
| Initial glucose | 125.4 ± 25.7 | 133.9 ± 42.1 | 177.7 ± 70.6 | < 0.01 |
| Initial glucose ≥ 140 (%) | 60 (23.6) | 56 ± 28.4 | 132 ± 62.9 | < 0.01 |
| OTN (min, mean ± SD) | 153.9 ± 119.9 | 155.5 ± 122.7 | 178.4 ± 170.1 | 0.82 |
| Endovascular Tx (%) | 84 (33.1) | 64 (32.5) | 69 (32.9) | 0.99 |
| END (%) | 24 (9.5) | 33 (16.8) | 38 (18.1) | 0.02 |
| In hospital death (%) | 5 (2.0) | 14 (7.1) | 17 (8.1) | < 0.01 |
| poor outcome-90 days (%) | 97 (38.2) | 87 (44.2) | 119 (56.7) | < 0.01 |
| poor outcome − 1 year (%) | 91 (35.8) | 87 (44.2) | 119 (56.7) | < 0.01 |
NGM Normal glucose metabolism, DM Diabetes mellitus, CAD Coronary artery diseases, TOAST Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment, OTN Onset to needle, END Early neurological deterioration