Table 2.
Vital signs, respiratory status and laboratory values at day 0.
| Variable | Anakinra group (n = 20) | Control group (n = 20) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vital signs at day 0 | |||
| Axillary temperature, ºC [mean ± SD] | 36.7 ± 0.7 | 36.9 ± 0.8 | 0.418 |
| Respiratory rate, rpm [median (IQR)] | 24.6 ± 5.2 | 23.6 ± 4.6 | 0.537 |
| Heart rate, bpm [mean ± SD] | 87.1 ± 16.6 | 90.2 ± 11.8 | 0.500 |
| PaO2:FiO2, ratio [mean ± SD] | 108.6 ± 48.9 | 132.9 ± 68.7 | 0.206 |
| PaO2:FiO2 ≥ 300 mmHg [n (%)] | 0 | 1 (5) | 1.000 |
| PaO2:FiO2 200–300 mmHg [n (%)] | 2 (10) | 1 (5) | 1.000 |
| PaO2:FiO2 100–200 mmHg [n (%)] | 7 (35) | 10 (50) | 0.337 |
| PaO2:FiO2 < 100 mmHg [n (%)] | 11 (55) | 8 (40) | 0.342 |
| Laboratory values at day 0 | |||
| Lymphocytes, x 109 cells/L [median, IQR] | 0.7 (0.2–0.8) | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.040 |
| CRP, mg/dL [median, (IQR)]a | 1.44 (0.9–2.9) | 1.27 (0.5–1.3) | 0.681 |
| LDH, U/L [median, (IQR)]b | 598 (330–716) | 567 (414–697) | 1.000 |
| Ferritin, ng/mL [median (IQR)]c | 1,110 (738–3,579) | 2,088 (861–10,275) | 0.441 |
| D-dimer, ng/mL [median (IQR)]d | 3,045 (1,165–17,278) | 6,585 (1,241–18,449) | 0.904 |
| SOFA score [median, IQR] | 4 (3–4) | 3.5 (3–6) | 0.799 |
| NEWS score [median, IQR] | 6.5 (5–7.7) | 6 (5–8) | 0.550 |
| Six-point ordinal scale | |||
| 1: not hospitalised | 0 | 0 | |
| 2: hospitalised, not requiring supplemental oxygen | 0 | 0 | |
| 3: hospitalised, low-flow rate oxygen [n (%)] | 1 (5) | 1 (5) | |
| 4: hospitalised, high-flow rate oxygen [n (%)] | 17 (85) | 17 (85) | |
| 5: IMV or ECMO [n (%)] | 2 (10) | 2 (10) | |
| 6: Death | 0 | 0 |
SD: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range; bpm: beats per minute; CRP: C-reactive protein; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; rpm: respirations per minute; SpO2/FiO2: pulse oximetry oxygen saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen; ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; IMV: invasive mechanical ventilation.
a
CRP levels available for 20 patients in anakinra group and 15 patients in control group.
b
LDH levels available for 19 patients in anakinra group and 15 patients in control group.
c
Ferritin levels available for 11 patients in anakinra group and 5 patients in control group.
d
D-dimer levels available for 16 patients in anakinra group and 15 patients in control. group.