Table 3.
Comparison of the Characteristics Between Different Subtypes with Single Risk
| Variables | Obesity-Only | MD-Only | Diabetes-Only | P Among Three Groups | P | P | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obesity vs MD | Obesity vs Diabetes | Diabetes vs MD | |||||
| N | 735 | 384 | 46 | ||||
| Age (years) | 39.6±13.69 | 44.42±16.37 | 52.48±14.84 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| Male (%) | 394 (53.61) | 192 (50) | 31 (67.39) | 0.070 | 0.279 | 0.095 | 0.038 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 30.46±4.86 | 22.27±2.07 | 22.07±2.26 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.567 |
| Diabetes (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 46 (100) | <0.001 | 1.000 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 61 (8.30) | 104 (27.08) | 5 (10.87) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.580 | 0.027 |
| Hepatic steatosis (%) | 0.151 | 0.174 | 0.278 | 0.113 | |||
| Mild | 321 (43.67) | 190 (49.48) | 18 (39.13) | ||||
| Moderate | 290 (39.46) | 138 (35.94) | 16 (34.78) | ||||
| Severe | 124 (16.87) | 56 (14.58) | 12 (26.09) | ||||
| Previous diagnosis | 0.014 | 0.006 | 0.965 | 0.282 | |||
| NAFLD | 645 (87.76) | 313 (81.51) | 41 (89.13) | ||||
| Alcoholic or viral hepatitis | 90 (12.24) | 71 (18.49) | 5 (10.87) | ||||
| Alcohol (g/Week) | 62.39±131.15 | 69.81±171.3 | 87.73±234.38 | 0.444 | 0.458 | 0.471 | 0.617 |
| Overdrink (%) | 70 (9.52) | 46 (11.98) | 5 (10.87) | 0.425 | 0.240 | 0.795 | 1.000 |
| Platelets (×109/L) | 279.26±68.91 | 277.65±73.20 | 254.36±90.91 | 0.072 | 0.723 | 0.074 | 0.100 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 4.68±1.52 | 4.69±1.71 | 5.2±2.34 | 0.106 | 0.942 | 0.143 | 0.156 |
| Uric acid (μmol/L) | 331.04±83.83 | 309.16±92.69 | 299.72±76.22 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.01 | 0.442 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 92.11±17.01 | 91.74±19.62 | 99.17±42.81 | 0.048 | 0.751 | 0.272 | 0.251 |
| GFR (mL/min) | 84.82±17.82 | 81.82±18.92 | 80.22±22.07 | 0.015 | 0.010 | 0.172 | 0.639 |
| TBIL (μmol/L) | 10.17±5.76 | 10.03±6.97 | 9.89±4.23 | 0.905 | 0.734 | 0.667 | 0.841 |
| ALT (U/L) | 24.08±20.85 | 19.68±18.91 | 22.07±20.98 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.530 | 0.466 |
| AST (U/L) | 25.57±21.54 | 24.48±14.10 | 27.65±22.51 | 0.475 | 0.311 | 0.544 | 0.355 |
| GGT (U/L) | 38.19±63.53 | 45.08±82.72 | 58.36±90.64 | 0.138 | 0.205 | 0.197 | 0.406 |
| ALP (U/L) | 85.30±25.43 | 86.27±32.45 | 92.98±34.50 | 0.195 | 0.611 | 0.144 | 0.215 |
| LDH (U/L) | 168.99±47.07 | 159.14±34.27 | 167.78±39.07 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.842 | 0.157 |
| Total protein (g/L) | 73.98±4.48 | 74.5±4.79 | 74.7±6.50 | 0.164 | 0.082 | 0.468 | 0.842 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 41.47±3.87 | 41.73±3.73 | 40.78±4.47 | 0.235 | 0.287 | 0.311 | 0.175 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.20±0.43 | 5.27± 0.51 | 6.96±2.37 | <0.001 | 0.024 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IR score | 2.83±2.41 | 2.25±1.64 | 6.20±10.82 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.09±0.42 | 5.2±0.56 | 8.34±5.17 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.2±1.04 | 5.24±1.30 | 5.39±1.15 | 0.492 | 0.581 | 0.278 | 0.419 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.33±0.79 | 1.74±1.29 | 1.49±1.00 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.304 | 0.124 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.22±0.93 | 3.14±1.08 | 3.08±0.86 | 0.615 | 0.391 | 0.594 | 0.829 |
| Hs-CRP (mg/L) | 3.79±3.23 | 4.81±8.97 | 3.69±3.19 | 0.017 | 0.031 | 0.839 | 0.089 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.34±0.33 | 1.27±0.49 | 1.52±0.57 | <0.001 | 0.023 | 0.041 | 0.008 |
| NFS score | −2.44±1.36 | −2.74±1.52 | −2.22±1.66 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.376 | 0.047 |
| NFS score >-1.455, n (%) | 154 (20.95) | 72 (18.75) | 16 (34.78) | 0.040 | 0.428 | 0.043 | 0.019 |
| FIB4 score | 0.86±0.96 | 1.02±0.64 | 1.52±1.33 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.015 |
| FIB-4 score >1.3, n (%) | 99 (13.47) | 90 (23.44) | 18 (39.13) | < 0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.036 |
Abbreviations: MD, metabolic dysregulation; MAFLD, metabolic associated fatty liver disease; BMI, body mass index; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; ALD, alcoholic liver disease; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; TBIL, total bilirubin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR score, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Hs-CRP, high-sensitivity serum C-reactive protein; NFS, NAFLD fibrosis score; FIB-4, fibrosis-4 index.