Table 3.

Multivariable logistic regression model for diagnosis of COVID-19 in South Korea

Variable	Multivariable model	P-value
	OR (95% CI)
Metformin user	0.88 (0.78, 0.99)	0.039
Age, year
20–29	1
30–39	0.79 (0.57, 1.09)	0.158
40–49	0.98 (0.75, 1.27)	0.859
50–59	0.73 (0.58, 0.93)	0.010
60–69	0.60 (0.48, 0.77)	< 0.001
70–79	0.44 (0.34, 0.56)	< 0.001
≥ 80	0.36 (0.28, 0.48)	< 0.001
Income level 2020 (Feb)
Q4 (Highest)	1
Q3	0.84 (0.73, 0.97)	0.018
Q2	0.77 (0.68, 0.89)	< 0.001
Q1 (Lowest)	0.80 (0.71, 0.90)	< 0.001
unknown	1.01 (0.69, 1.48)	0.975
Sex, male	1.06 (0.96, 1.17)	0.252
Residence at February, 2020
Seoul	1
Gyeonggi-do	0.95 (0.74, 1.20)	0.647
Daegu	1.05 (0.77, 1.44)	0.743
Gyeongsangbuk-do	1.07 (0.82, 1.39)	0.610
Other area	0.89 (0.67, 1.18)	0.414
Underlying disability	1.05 (0.92, 1.21)	0.486
Charlson comorbidity index, 1 point	1.19 (1.18, 1.20)	< 0.001
Peripheral vascular disease	0.73 (0.63, 0.84)	< 0.001
Renal disease	0.99 (0.79, 1.24)	0.922
Rheumatic disease	0.94 (0.77, 1.14)	0.525
Dementia	2.04 (1.73, 2.40)	< 0.001
Peptic ulcer disease	1.05 (0.93, 1.19)	0.460
Hemiplegia or paraplegia	2.58 (1.87, 3.57)	< 0.001
Moderate or severe liver disease	0.73 (0.37, 1.41)	0.347
Mild liver disease	2.03 (1.84, 2.24)	< 0.001
Chronic pulmonary disease	3.54 (3.20, 3.91)	< 0.001
Cerebrovascular disease	0.98 (0.84, 1.14)	0.777
Congestive heart failure	2.10 (1.83, 2.41)	< 0.001
Myocardial infarction	2.61 (2.10, 3.24)	< 0.001
Malignancy	1.51 (1.37, 1.67)	< 0.001
Metastatic solid tumour	0.91 (0.76, 1.09)	0.302
AIDS/HIV	4.65 (1.17, 18.59)	0.030
Other anti-diabetic drug
Meglitinide	0.78 (0.18, 3.36)	0.737
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors	1.01 (0.87, 1.17)	0.860
Thiazolidinediones	1.06 (0.84, 1.34)	0.619
Sulfonylureas	0.88 (0.75, 1.04)	0.126
Insulin	0.83 (0.63, 1.09)	0.183

AUC of multivariable model: 0.81 (95% CI: 0.80, 0.81)

OR odds ratio; CI confidence interval; AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome; HIV human immunodeficiency virus