TABLE 1.
Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data in cardiogenic embolism patients with and without END
| All (n = 129) | With END (n = 55) | Without END (n = 74) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Man, n (%) | 72 (55.81) | 26 (47.27) | 46 (62.16) | .092 |
| Age, (years, mean ± SD) | 71.85 ± 11.99 | 74.96 ± 12.30 | 69.53 ± 11.28 | .01 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 47 (36.43) | 16 (29.09) | 31 (41.89) | .135 |
| Alcohol drinking, n (%) | 41 (31.78) | 15 (27.27) | 26 (35.14) | .343 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 83 (64.34) | 41 (74.55) | 42 (56.76) | .037 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 35 (27.13) | 9 (16.36) | 26 (35.14) | .018 |
| Hyperlipemia, n (%) | 29 (22.48) | 15 (27.27) | 14 (18.92) | .261 |
| CHD, n (%) | 27 (20.93) | 20 (36.36) | 7 (9.46) | <.001 |
| History of stroke, n (%) | 32 (24.81) | 21 (38.18) | 11 (14.86) | .002 |
| HT, n (%) | 37 (28.68) | 23 (41.82) | 14 (18.92) | .004 |
| Epilepsy, n (%) | 4 (3.1) | 4 (7.27) | 0 (0) | .018 |
| NIHSS at admission | 6.90 ± 6.24 | 9.58 ± 6.47 | 4.91 ± 5.27 | <.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 146.39 ± 23.40 | 150.25 ± 23.75 | 143.51 ± 22.88 | .106 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 86.47 ± 13.59 | 89.73 ± 12.57 | 84.05 ± 13.89 | .018 |
| Infarct volume (mm3) | 39.45 ± 77.80 | 50.15 ± 81.07 | 31.59 ± 74.90 | .189 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 7.04 ± 4.35 | 7.34 ± 5.53 | 6.82 ± 3.23 | .504 |
| Cystatin C (mg/L) | 1.42 ± 0.62 | 1.61 ± 0.78 | 1.29 ± 0.41 | .003 |
| Urea (mmol/L) | 5.64 ± 2.58 | 5.99 ± 3.14 | 5.39 ± 2.06 | .194 |
| Creatinine (umol/L) | 81.20 ± 38.72 | 90.66 ± 53.09 | 74.16 ± 20.63 | .016 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.05 ± 0.51 | 0.96 ± 0.51 | 1.12 ± 0.50 | .069 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.17 ± 0.99 | 3.98 ± 0.97 | 4.31 ± 0.99 | .065 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.18 ± 0.36 | 1.15 ± 0.28 | 1.20 ± 0.40 | .370 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 2.64 ± 0.93 | 2.52 ± 0.96 | 2.73 ± 0.90 | .192 |
| Hcy | 19.0 ± 7.47 | 19.86 ± 8.49 | 18.36 ± 6.59 | .262 |
| HbAlc (%) | 6.35 ± 1.64 | 6.32 ± 1.58 | 6.36 ± 1.70 | .891 |
| White blood cell count (109/L) | 8.59 ± 4.15 | 9.26 ± 5.25 | 8.10 ± 3.05 | .116 |
| Neutrophil count (109/L) | 6.18 ± 3.99 | 7.11 ± 4.99 | 5.49 ± 2.90 | .022 |
| Lymphocyte count (109/L) | 1.52 ± 0.63 | 1.36 ± 0.61 | 1.65 ± 0.62 | .008 |
| MCV | 94.24 ± 5.62 | 93.76 ± 4.56 | 94.59 ± 6.30 | .412 |
| MCH | 30.85 ± 2.57 | 30.57 ± 2.78 | 31.06 ± 2.39 | .286 |
| RDW | 14.03 ± 1.46 | 14.37 ± 1.66 | 13.77 ± 1.25 | .021 |
| Monocyte count (109/L) | 0.61 ± 0.30 | 0.64 ± 0.37 | 0.59 ± 0.24 | .280 |
| Platelet count (1012/L) | 187.48 ± 91.31 | 201.56 ± 129.06 | 177.01 ± 45.12 | .132 |
| Mean platelet volume | 10.41 ± 3.10 | 10.16 ± 3.04 | 10.59 ± 3.15 | .434 |
| Lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio | 2.82 ± 1.44 | 2.40 ± 1.27 | 3.13 ± 1.50 | .004 |
| Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio | 5.30 ± 4.89 | 6.83 ± 5.81 | 4.16 ± 3.73 | .002 |
| Platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio | 153.92 ± 126.15 | 193.16 ± 171.76 | 124.75 ± 63.70 | .002 |
Figures in parentheses are percentages, unless indicated otherwise
Abbreviations: CHD, coronary heart disease; Cys, C cystatin C; END, early neurological deterioration; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbAlc, glycosylated hemoglobin; Hcy, homocysteine; HDL, high density lipoprotein; HT, hemorrhagic transformation; LDL, Low density lipoprotein; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; NIHSS, National institute of Health Stroke Scale; RDW, red cell distribution width.