Table 1.
Study Sample Demographic and Characteristics Stratified by Insomnia (n=399).
| Total | Not Insomnia | Insomnia | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 399 | 247 (61.9) | 152(38.1) |
| Gender, female, N (%) | 167(41.9) | 94(38.1) | 73(48.0) |
| Age, years | 51.7±8.3 | 51.1±8.0* | 52.8±8.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.2±6.3 | 30.4±6.4 | 29.8±6.2 |
| Sedative medication, N (%) | 13(3.3) | 7(2.8) | 6(4.0) |
| Current smoker, N (%) | 71(17.8) | 42(17.0) | 29(19.2) |
| Alcohol, >2 drinks/week, N (%) | 162(40.7) | 100(40.5) | 62(41.1) |
| Caffeine, >2 drinks/week, N (%) | 212(53.3) | 130(52.6) | 82(54.3) |
| Hypertension, N (%) | 32(8.0) | 20(8.1) | 12(7.9) |
| Diabetes, N (%) | 15(3.8) | 10(4.1) | 5(3.3) |
| Coronary heart disease, N (%) | 11(2.8) | 4(1.6) | 7(4.6) |
| Depression, N (%) | 87(22.5) | 42(17.6)** | 45(30.4) |
| Sleep SBP, mmHg | 108.0±12.4 | 107.5±11.5 | 108.7±13.7 |
| Sleep DBP, mmHg | 62.3±7.8 | 61.9±7.4 | 63.0±8.3 |
| Awake SBP, mmHg | 126.7±12.2 | 127.2±11.6 | 126.0±13.1 |
| Awake DBP, mmHg | 76.9±7.5 | 77.0±7.1 | 76.7±8.1 |
| Ratio of SBP sleep/awake | 0.85±0.06 | 0.85±0.06* | 0.86±0.06 |
| Ratio of DBP sleep/awake | 0.81±0.07 | 0.80±0.07* | 0.82±0.08 |
| SBP nondipper, N (%) | 82(20.6) | 46(18.6) | 36(23.7) |
| DBP nondipper, N (%) | 46(11.5) | 20(8.1)** | 26(17.1) |
| Sleeping heart rate, bpm | 65.3±9.1 | 64.7±9.3* | 66.3±8.6 |
| Waking heart rate, bpm | 76.8±9.7 | 76.8±9.5 | 76.8±10.2 |
| AHI <5 | 174(43.6) | 112(45.3) | 62(40.8) |
| 5≤ AHI <15 | 132(33.1) | 81(32.8) | 51(33.5) |
| AHI≥15 | 93(23.3) | 54(21.9) | 39(25.7) |
Continuous variables were presented as mean± standard deviation.
AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
*
P <0.05 for comparison between not-insomnia and insomnia groups.
**
P <0.01 for comparison between not-insomnia and insomnia groups.