Table 3.
The Mean and SD values for each variable in total and split by group and sex
| Variables | Behaviourally conditioned | Emotionally vulnerable | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men (n = 301) |
Women (n = 149) |
Students (n = 158) |
Forum users (n = 292) |
Total (n = 450) |
Men (n = 120) |
Women (n = 99) |
Students (n = 107) |
Forum users (n = 112) |
Total (n = 219) |
|
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | |
| PGSI | 3.5 (3.8) | 1.2 (2.8) | 3.1 (4.1) | 2.6 (3.3) | 2.7 (3.6) | 6.7 (4.8) | 2.7 (4.0) | 4.6 (4.8) | 5.1 (4.9) | 4.9 (4.9) |
| DSM-5 | 1.9 (2.4) | 0.6 (1.4) | 1.7 (2.4) | 1.4 (2.1) | 1.5 (2.2) | 3.7 (3.0) | 1.3 (2.1) | 2.3 (2.6) | 2.8 (3.2) | 2.6 (2.9) |
| GBQ total | 52.5 (10.9) | 40.5 (11.7) | 50.6 (12.9) | 47.5 (12.2) | 48.6 (12.5) | 57.0 (12.0) | 46.0 (12.5) | 53.5 (12.6) | 50.7 (14.0) | 52.1 (13.4) |
| Illusion of control | 23.7 (5.3) | 17.3 (5.5) | 22.1 (6.3) | 21.3 (6.1) | 21.6 (6.2) | 24.1 (5.8) | 19.6 (5.1) | 22.5 (6.0) | 21.7 (5.9) | 22.1 (5.9) |
| Luck/perseverance | 29.1 (7.2) | 22.6 (7.7) | 28.5 (8.1) | 26.2 (7.7) | 27.0 (7.9) | 33.2 (8.6) | 26.6 (9.1) | 31.2 (8.6) | 29.3 (10.1) | 30.3 (9.4) |
| C-anxiety | 4.2 (3.2) | 4.3 (3.5) | 4.9 (3.8) | 3.8 (2.9) | 4.2 (3.3) | 9.1 (4.1) | 10.3 (4.0) | 10.1 (4.1) | 9.2 (4.0) | 9.6 (4.1) |
| C-depression | 2.3 (2.3) | 2.2 (2.6) | 2.4 (2.4) | 2.2 (2.3) | 2.3 (2.4) | 5.4 (3.3) | 5.7 (3.3) | 5.9 (3.3) | 5.2 (3.2) | 5.5 (3.3) |
| N.L.E | 3.2 (2.1) | 3.5 (2.4) | 3.1 (2.3) | 3.4 (2.20 | 3.3 (2.2) | 4.9 (2.3) | 5.2 (2.5) | 5.1 (2.3) | 4.9 (2.5) | 5.0 (2.4) |
| Impulsivity total | 31.0 (6.5) | 29.3 (7.2) | 31.3 (7.3) | 30.0 (6.5) | 30.4 (6.8) | 34.9 (6.2) | 35.7 (6.3) | 34.7 (6.2) | 35.7 (6.2) | 35.3 (6.3) |
| N.P impulsivity | 11.3 (3.6) | 10.2 (3.3) | 10.9 (3.4) | 11.0 (3.6) | 10.9 (3.5) | 13.0 (3.6) | 12.8 (3.4) | 12.1 (3.0) | 13.7 (3.8) | 12.9 (3.5) |
| M impulsivity | 10.3 (2.6) | 10.3 (2.9) | 10.6 (3.2) | 10.1 (2.5) | 10.2 (2.7) | 11.0 (3.0) | 11.6 (3.0) | 11.1 (3.1) | 11.5 (2.9) | 11.3 (3.0) |
| A impulsivity | 9.2 (2.5) | 8.6 (2.8) | 9.5 (2.8) | 8.7 (2.5) | 9.0 (2.6) | 11.0 (2.7) | 11.4 (2.7) | 11.4 (2.7) | 10.9 (2.8) | 11.2 (2.7) |
| G. A | 7.4 (1.5) | 7.3 (1.6) | 7.2 (1.7) | 7.4 (1.5) | 7.3 (1.6) | 7.5 (1.5) | 7.5 (1.5) | 7.3 (1.5) | 7.8 (1.4) | 7.5 (1.5) |
PGSI problem gambling severity index, DSM-5 diagnostic and statistical manual- fifth edition, GBQ gambling beliefs questionnaire, N.L.E. negative life events., N. P impulsivity non-planning impulsivity; M. impulsivity motor impulsivity, A. impulsivity attentional impulsivity, G. A gambling associates