Table 1.
The potential role of leptin in diverse skin diseases.
| Skin diseases | Serum level of leptin | Potential effect | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psoriasis | Elevated | Pro-inflammatory: promotion of Th1/Th17 lymphocyte axis (IL-1↑, IL-6↑, IL-17/23↑, CXCL8↑, TNF-α↑); Angiogenesis: activating the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway; Keratinocyte proliferation: amphiregulin↑, CXCL8↑ |
(55–69) |
| Systemic sclerosis | Not significantly changed/Elevated | Anti-fibrotic: inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway | (71–73) (74–75) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | Elevated | Pro-inflammatory: promotion of the Th1/Th17 lymphocyte axis, inhibition of Treg lymphocytes; Aging of mesenchymal stem cells (via the NAP-2 and PI3K-Akt pathway) |
(79–86) |
| Melanoma and non-pigment tumors | Elevated | Angiogenesis: JAK/STAT3 pathway↑, VEGF↑; Mitogenic |
(90–94) |
| Skin tags | Elevated | Promotion of keratinocyte and fibroblast growth | (95, 96) |
| Hidradenitis suppurativa | Elevated | Pro-inflammatory: promotion of Th1 lymphocytes | (97, 98) |