. 2021 Feb 15;58(7):831–843. doi: 10.1007/s00592-020-01636-z

Table 1.

List of studies that show the effect of comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes, and obesity with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Study Details [Authors, Country]	Comorbidities	*p values
Chen et al. [4] China	93/274 (34%) [Survivor—39/161 (24%) Non-Survivor -54/113 (48%)]	47/274 (17%) [Survivor—24/161 (21%) Non-Survivor—23/113 (14%)]	NR	NR
Huang et al. [5] China	6/41 (15%) [ICU—2/6 (33.3%) Non-ICU—4/6 (0.67%)]	8/41 (20%) [ICU—1/8 (0.13%) Non-ICU—7 /8 (0.88%)]	NR	HT—p = 0.93 Db—p = 0.16
Richardson et al. [8] USA	3026 (56.6%)^#	1808 (33.8%)^#	1737/4170 (41.7%)	NR
Petrilli et al. [9] USA	2256/5279 (42.7%) [Not Hospitalized—557/2538 (21.9%) Hospitalized—1699/2741 (62%)]	1195/5279 (22.6%) [Not Hospitalized—245/2538 (9.7%) Hospitalized—950/2741 (34.7%)]	1865/5279 (35.3%) [Not Hospitalized—781/2538 (30.7%) Hospitalized—1084/2741 (39.5%)]	HT, Db, Ob—p < 0.001^$
Wang et al. [10] China	43/138 (31.2%) [ICU—21/36 (58.3%) Non-ICU—22/102 (21.6%)]	14/138 (10.1%) [ICU—8/36 (22.2%) Non-ICU—6/102 (5.9%)]	NR	HT—p < 0.001 Db—p = 0.009
Guan et al. [11] China	165/1099 (15%) [Severe—41/173 (23.7%) Non-severe—124/926 (13.4%)]	81/1099 (7.4%) [Severe—28/173 (16.2%) Non-severe—53/926 (5.7%)]	NR	NR
Grassilli et al. [12] Italy	509/1043 (49%) [Died—195/309 (63%) Discharged—84/212 (40%)]	180/1591 (17%)	NR	HT—p < 0.001
Zhou et al. [54] China	58/191 (30%) [Survivor—32/137 (23%) Non-survivor—26/54 (48%)]	36/191 (19%) [Survivor—19/137 (14%) Non-survivor—17/54 (31%)]	NR	HT—p = 0.0008 Db—p = 0.0051
Wu et al. [55] China	39/201 (19.4%) [ARDS—23/84 (27.4%) No ARDS—16/117 (13.7%)]	22/201 (10.9%) [ARDS—16/84 (19%) No ARDS—6/116 (0.05%)]	NR	HT—p = 0.02 Db—p = 0.002
Zhang et al. [56] China	42/140(30%) [Severe—22/58 (37.9%) Non-severe—20/82 (27.4%)]	17/140 (12.1%) [Severe—8/58 (13.8%) Non-severe—9/82 (11%)]	NR	HT—p = 0.85 Db—p = 0.615
McMicheal et al. [57] USA	74/167 (44.3%)	38/167 (22.8%)	37/167 (22.2%)	NR
Shi et al. [101] China	127/416 (31%) [With cardiac injury—49/82 (59.8%) Without cardiac injury—78/334 (23.4%)]	60/416 (14.4%) [With cardiac injury—20/82 (24.4%) Without cardiac injury—40/334 (12%)]	NR	HT—p < 0.001 Db—p = 0.008
Bean et al. [102] UK	150/205 (51.2%)	62/205 (30.2%)	NR	NR

Study Details
[Authors, Country]

Comorbidities

*p values

Hypertension (HT)
n/N (%)

Diabetes
(Db)
n/N (%)

Obesity
(Ob)
n/N (%)

[Use of ICU or Disease Severity or Survival—n/N (%)]*

Chen et al. [4]

China

93/274 (34%)

[Survivor—39/161 (24%)

Non-Survivor -54/113 (48%)]

47/274 (17%)

[Survivor—24/161 (21%)

Non-Survivor—23/113 (14%)]

Huang et al. [5] China

6/41 (15%)

[ICU—2/6 (33.3%)

Non-ICU—4/6 (0.67%)]

8/41 (20%)

[ICU—1/8 (0.13%)

Non-ICU—7 /8 (0.88%)]

HT—p = 0.93

Db—p = 0.16

Richardson et al. [8]

USA

3026 (56.6%)^#

1808 (33.8%)^#

1737/4170 (41.7%)

Petrilli et al. [9]

USA

2256/5279 (42.7%)

[Not Hospitalized—557/2538 (21.9%)

Hospitalized—1699/2741 (62%)]

1195/5279 (22.6%)

[Not Hospitalized—245/2538 (9.7%)

Hospitalized—950/2741 (34.7%)]

1865/5279 (35.3%)

[Not Hospitalized—781/2538 (30.7%)

Hospitalized—1084/2741 (39.5%)]

HT, Db, Ob—p < 0.001^$

Wang et al. [10]

China

43/138 (31.2%)

[ICU—21/36 (58.3%)

Non-ICU—22/102 (21.6%)]

14/138 (10.1%)

[ICU—8/36 (22.2%)

Non-ICU—6/102 (5.9%)]

HT—p < 0.001

Db—p = 0.009

Guan et al. [11]

China

165/1099 (15%)

[Severe—41/173 (23.7%)

Non-severe—124/926 (13.4%)]

81/1099 (7.4%)

[Severe—28/173 (16.2%)

Non-severe—53/926 (5.7%)]

Grassilli et al. [12]

Italy

509/1043 (49%)

[Died—195/309 (63%)

Discharged—84/212 (40%)]

180/1591 (17%)

HT—p < 0.001

Zhou et al. [54]

China

58/191 (30%)

[Survivor—32/137 (23%)

Non-survivor—26/54 (48%)]

36/191 (19%)

[Survivor—19/137 (14%)

Non-survivor—17/54 (31%)]

HT—p = 0.0008

Db—p = 0.0051

Wu et al. [55]

China

39/201 (19.4%)

[ARDS—23/84 (27.4%)

No ARDS—16/117 (13.7%)]

22/201 (10.9%)

[ARDS—16/84 (19%)

No ARDS—6/116 (0.05%)]

HT—p = 0.02

Db—p = 0.002

Zhang et al. [56]

China

42/140(30%)

[Severe—22/58 (37.9%)

Non-severe—20/82 (27.4%)]

17/140 (12.1%)

[Severe—8/58 (13.8%)

Non-severe—9/82 (11%)]

HT—p = 0.85

Db—p = 0.615

McMicheal et al. [57]

USA

74/167 (44.3%)

38/167 (22.8%)

37/167 (22.2%)

Shi et al. [101]

China

127/416 (31%)

[With cardiac injury—49/82 (59.8%)

Without cardiac injury—78/334 (23.4%)]

60/416 (14.4%)

[With cardiac injury—20/82 (24.4%)

Without cardiac injury—40/334 (12%)]

HT—p < 0.001

Db—p = 0.008

Bean et al. [102]

150/205 (51.2%)

62/205 (30.2%)

ICU, intensive care unit, ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome, NR, not reported

^#N value is not reported

^$p value for risk of hospitalization