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. 2020 Dec 23;25(4):1825–1837. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.16205

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Effects of androgen on cell activities in PCOS. Excessive androgen stimulates and promotes polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by inducing cellular activities such as apoptosis, autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress in granulosa cells and oocytes