TABLE 4.

ATRA abrogated the effects of carveol.

Treatment	ALT (U/L)	AST (U/L)	TP (g/dl)	ALP (U/L)	LDH (mg/dl)
Saline	67 ± 5.4	89 ± 5.32	6.8 ± 1.56	110 ± 2.7	441.33 ± 14.46
APAP 400 mg/kg + ATRA 10 mg/kg	456 ± 13.25βββ	634 ± 16.35βββ	2.6 ± 1.7ββ	545 ± 9.89βββ	3653 ± 4.03βββ
APAP + ATRA + Carveol 15 mg/kg	219 ± 12.56$$$	376 ± 3.45$$$	5.3 ± 1.21$$	278 ± 7.89$$$	2162 ± 21.72$$
APAP + ATRA + Silymarin 50 mg/kg	183 ± 14.23$$$	312 ± 8.64$$$	5.8 ± 2.1$$	267 ± 5.78$$$	2017.66 ± 25.91$$

ATRA augmented the serum level of LFTs and attenuated the TP, while carveol significantly reduced LFT levels compared to those in the ATRA + APAP group, and increased the total protein level. The symbols βββ and $$$ represent significant difference values of p < 0.001, while the symbol $$ represents p < 0.01 values of significant differences, the symbol $ represents a significant difference relative to APAP + ATRA, while β represents a significant difference relative to the saline group. The data are expressed as means ± SEM and were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test, n = 5. The samples were processed from cohort 2.