Table 3.

Summary of relevant publications based on the use of nanoparticles against different viral infection in crops

Virus	Crop	NPs composition	NPs size	Biological effect	Ref
Tobacco mosaic virus	Nicotiana benthamiana	ZnO NPs and SiO2 NPs	55/62 nm	Inactivation of TMV and inhibition of viral	[ 134 ]
Tomato mosaic virus/ Potato virus Y	Lycopersecon esculantum	AgNPs	20–100 nm	NPs binded to virus coat protein and decreased virus concentration	[ 132 ]
Bean yellow mosaic virus	Vicia faba	AgNPs	77–92 nm	Decreased virus concentration and percentage of infection	[ 131 ]
Turnip mosaic virus	N. benthamiana	Fe2O4, TiO2, carbon nanotubes, fullerene	40–100, 20, 30 and 50 nm	NPs inhibited vírus proliferation and suppressed viral infection	[ 127 ]
Sunhemp rosette virus	Cymopsis tetragonaloba	AgNPs	15 nm	Complete suppression of viral infection	[ 130 ]
Tomato spotted wilt virus	Chenopodium amaranticolor	AgNPs	12 nm	Inhibitory effects were higher when NPs were sprayed after virus inoculation	[ 133 ]
Potato virus Y	Solanum tuberosum L.	Curcumin‐milk proteins NPs	235–335 nm	Concentration‐dependent virus inhibition	[ 135 ]