Subversion of host autophagy through picornaviral 3Cpro. Schematic diagram depicted the molecular mechanism for the initiation of host autophagy pathway upon the presence of RNA virus for the clearance of viral‐associated molecules. Picornaviruses utilize its own encoded 2Apro (not shown here) and 3Cpro to cleave key components such as p62, NBR1, SNAP29 and PLEKHM1 to facilitate a more robust replication. ATGs, autophagy‐related genes; DFCP1, double FYVE‐containing protein‐1, FIP200, focal adhesion kinase family interacting protein of 200kD; NBR1, neighbor of BRCA1; SNAP29, synaptosomal‐associated protein‐29; PLEKHM1, Pleckstrin homology and RUN domain containing M1; p62, also known as sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1); STX17, Syntaxin 17; ULK, Unc‐51‐like kinase‐1; UVRAG, UV radiation resistance‐associated gene protein; VAMP8, vesicle‐associated membrane protein‐8; WIPI2, WD‐repeat domain phosphoinositide‐interacting protein‐2; 2Apro, 2A‐protease; 3Cpro, 3C protease