Table 2.
Outcomes: questions and response scales
| Outcome group | Outcomes | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Singular outcomes | ||
| Emotional well-being: questions from the flourishing index (VanderWeele 2017a, b; Weziak-Bialowolska et al. 2019b) and the set of healthy days questions of the Health-Related Quality of Life instrument (Moriarty et al. 2003) | Overall, how satisfied are you with life as a whole these days? | 0–10—the higher, the better |
| In general, how happy or unhappy do you usually feel? | ||
| Overall, to what extent do you feel the things you do in your life are worthwhile? | ||
| I understand my purpose in life | ||
| How would you rate your overall mental health? | ||
| Thinking about your mental health, which includes stress, depression, and problems with emotions, for how many days during the past 30 days was your mental health not good? | 0–30 days | |
| During the past 30 days, for about how many days: | ||
| Did you feel sad or depressed? | ||
| Did you feel worried, tense or anxious? | ||
| Did you feel very healthy and full of energy? | ||
| Physical well-being: health related questions from the flourishing index (VanderWeele 2017b; Weziak-Bialowolska et al. 2019b) and the set of healthy days questions of the Health-Related Quality of Life instrument (Moriarty et al. 2003) | In general, how would you rate your physical health? | 0–10—the higher, the better |
| Thinking about your physical health, which includes physical illness and injury, for how many days during the past 30 days was your physical health not good? | 0–30 days | |
| During the past 30 days, for about how many days did pain make it hard for you to do your usual activities, such as self-care, work, or recreation? | ||
| During the past 30 days, for about how many days have you felt you did not get enough rest or sleep? | ||
| Social well-being: questions from the flourishing index (Campaign to End Loneliness 2016; VanderWeele 2017b; Weziak-Bialowolska et al. 2019b) | I am content with my friendships and relationships | 0–10—the higher, the better |
| My relationships are as satisfying as I would want them to be | ||
| Summary measures | ||
| Unhealthy days summary measure (Moriarty et al. 2003) | Overall number of recent days when physical or mental health was not good (sum of recent days with poor mental health and poor physical health) | 0–30 days |
| Flourishing index (VanderWeele 2017b; Weziak-Bialowolska et al. 2019b) | The flourishing index score is obtained by summing the scores from each of the ten flourishing questions | 0–100—the higher, the better |