Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of children in the Viva La Familia Study1
| Overall | High Calcium | Low Calcium | High PA | Low PA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 11.0 ± 4.1 | 10.91 ± 3.82 | 11.11 ± 4.15 | 9.2 ± 3.4 | *12.7 ± 3.5 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.1 ± 7.6 | 25.01 ± 7.50 | 25.26 ± 7.67 | 23.6 ± 7.2 | *26.9 ± 7.7 |
| Puberty Stage, Pre-pubertal % | 45.3 | 47.3 | 42.4 | 63 | *26 |
| Dietary Intake | |||||
| Calcium intake, mg | 881.5 ± 377.3 | 1176.26 ± 284.19 | *586.67 ± 173.54 | 889.0 ± 360.5 | 879.9 ± 392.1 |
| Phosphorus intake, mg | 1180.3 ± 407.8 | 1436.63 ± 343.49 | *915.30 ± 263.41 | 1159.4 ± 382.8 | 1195.0 ± 422.3 |
| Dietary Calcium/Phosphorus ratio | 0.75 ± 0.19 | 0.83 ± 0.15 | *0.66 ± 0.17 | 0.77 ± 0.18 | 0.73 ± 0.19 |
| Physical Activity (PA) | |||||
| Moderate and Vigorous, mins/d | 82.3 ± 51.8 | 84.10 ± 51.86 | 80.38 ± 51.15 | 123.1 ± 41.3 | *42.3 ± 19.5 |
| Bone Mineral Density | |||||
| TBBMD, g/cm2 | 0.918 ± 0.140 | 0.917 ± 0.140 | 0.915 ± 0.139 | 0.868 ± 0.120 | *0.974 ± 0.135 |
| LDBMD, g/cm2 | 0.805 ± 0.184 | 0.795 ± 0.181 | 0.812 ± 0.184 | 0.731 ± 0.150 | *0.887 ± 0.181 |
1Values are means ± SDs or percentages
*Indicated statistically significant differences between the groups (p < 0.05)