Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies
| Author | Year | Level of evidence | Study type | Case | Age(years) | Control | Follow up time (months) | Included outcome indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chiu [12] | 1999 | III | Prospective cohort |
25 (M:F=20:5) |
68.0±16.2 | ① | ||
| Kuwano [13] | 2005 | III | Prospective cohort |
32 (M:F=3:29) |
71.4 | ① | ||
| Kyung-wook [14] | 2016 | II | RCT | 1260 OWHTO | 603 CWHTO | 39 | ① | |
| Hohmanm [15] | 2005 | III | Prospective cohort |
67 CWHTO (M:F=41:26) |
M:36.6 F:39.4 |
8 | ① | |
| Giffin [16] | 2004 | III | Prospective cohort | 10 OWHTO | 60–78 | ① | ||
| Noyes [17] | 2005 | IV | Prospective cohort | 35 OWHTO | 32.7 | ① | ||
| Raaij [18] | 2008 | II | RCT | 43 OWHTO | 44 CWHTO | 24 | ③,⑥ | |
| Turkmen [19] | 2017 | III | PCS |
6 OWHTO (single plane osteotomy) |
6 OWHTO (biplane osteotomy) |
③ | ||
| Nakamura [20] | 2017 | III | RCS |
111 OWHTO (M:F=22:89) |
63.8±7.2 | ③ | ||
| Chen [21] | 2012 | III | Prospective cohort | 8 OWHTO | 33 | ② | ||
| Ozkaya [22] | 2008 | III | Prospective cohort |
16 OWHTO (M:F=4:12) |
55 | 24 | ①,② | |
| Lee [23] | 2018 | II | RCT | 831 OWHTO | 206 CWHTO | 60 | ② | |
| Altay [24] | 2016 | III | Prospective cohort | 34 OWHTO | 45.05±10.99 | 74.65±10.12 | ①,②,④ | |
| Terauchi [25] | 2002 | III | Prospective cohort |
29 OWHTO (M:F=6:23) |
66 | 96.2 | ⑤,⑥ | |
| El-Assal [26] | 2010 | II | Prospective cohort |
58 OWHTO (M:F=21:37) |
47.5 | 38 | ⑤ | |
| Park [27] | 2017 | IV | Retrospective cohort | 30 OWHTO | ② | |||
| Bae [28] | 2016 | II | RCT |
69 OWHTO (M:F=2:67) |
58.5±5.8 |
49 OWHTO (M:F=4:45) |
94.2±2.6 | ④,⑤ |
| Kim [29] | 2017 | IV | RCT | 687 OWHTO | 2296 CWHTO | ④ |
① posterior slope of tibial plateau, ② the height of the patella, ③ fracture in the osteotomy plane, ④ survival rate, ⑤ HSS, ⑥ the recurrence of varus deformity
RCT Randomized controlled trial, RCS Retrospective comparative study, PCS Prospective comparative study