Table 2.
Estimated change in SBP (mm Hg) and DBP (mm Hg) corresponding to a log increase in metals concentrations, adjusted for age, age2, race, sex, BMI, and smoking status; parameters estimated via survey linear regression. Models were fit separately for each metal
| SBP (mm Hg) | DBP (mm Hg) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metals | β1 | SE | P-value | 95% CI | β1 | SE | P-value | 95% CI |
| Urine | ||||||||
| Ba | 1.20 | 0.41 | 0.0065 | (0.38, 2.00) | 0.47 | 0.31 | 0.1428 | (−0.1, 1.07) |
| Cd | −0.23 | 0.56 | 0.6876 | (−1.3, 0.86) | 0.14 | 0.32 | 0.6706 | (− 0.4, 0.76) |
| Co | 0.99 | 0.58 | 0.0977 | (−0.1, 2.13) | 0.08 | 0.33 | 0.8042 | (−0.5, 0.73) |
| Cs | −1.13 | 0.88 | 0.2083 | (−2.8, 0.59) | −1.49 | 0.67 | 0.0321 | (−2.7, −0.1) |
| Mo | −1.06 | 0.60 | 0.0876 | (− 2.2, 0.12) | −1.34 | 0.32 | 0.0002 | (−1.9, −0.7) |
| Sb | 2.09 | 0.60 | 0.0013 | (0.92, 3.25) | 1.04 | 0.49 | 0.0421 | (0.07, 2.01) |
| Tl | −0.26 | 0.98 | 0.7939 | (−2.1, 1.66) | −1.18 | 0.59 | 0.0516 | (−2.3, −0.0) |
| W | 1.05 | 0.43 | 0.0207 | (0.20, 1.89) | 0.62 | 0.31 | 0.0568 | (0.00, 1.23) |
| Blood | ||||||||
| Pb | 1.39 | 0.68 | 0.0478 | (0.06, 2.71) | 0.78 | 0.49 | 0.1197 | (−0.1, 1.73) |
SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, BMI: body mass index, β1: slope of the regression line, SE: standard error, CI: confidence interval, Ba: barium, Cd: cadmium, Co: cobalt, Cs: cesium, Mo: molybdenum, Pb: lead, Sb: antimony, Tl: thallium, and W: tungsten.