Table 3.
Effects of technology-supported exercise programs on the outcomes by technology type
| Type of Technology | Number of RCTs | SMD (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Knee pain | |||
| Telephone | 6 | −0.12 (−0.41 to 0.17) | .42 |
| Web | 2 | −0.48 (−0.90 to −0.05) | .03 |
| Mobile app | 2 | −0.45 (−0.88 to −0.02) | .04 |
| Subgroup difference | .27 | ||
| Physical function | |||
| Telephone | 6 | 0.08 (−0.29 to 0.44) | .68 |
| Web | 2 | 0.50 (−0.08 to 1.07) | .09 |
| Mobile app | 2 | 0.23 (−0.35 to 0.81) | .43 |
| Computer | 1 | 0.24 (−0.69 to 1.16) | .62 |
| Subgroup difference | .69 | ||
| Quality of life | |||
| Telephone | 6 | 0.18 (−0.05 to 0.41) | .13 |
| Web | 1 | 0.59 (0.11 to 1.07) | .02 |
| Virtual reality | 1 | 0.24 (−0.47 to 0.96) | .51 |
| Subgroup difference | .32 | ||
CI: confidence interval; RCT: randomized controlled trial; SMD: standardized mean difference.