Figure 3.

Schematic representation of polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA), whereby a soluble blue precursor block is chain-extended using a suitable vinyl monomer to produce a red insoluble structure-directing block. Depending on the relative volume fractions of the blue and red blocks, in situ self-assembly produces either spheres, worms, or vesicles. PISA can be conducted in either water or various oils. In the case of aqueous PISA, the addition of a suitable oil followed by emulsification via high-shear homogenization leads to the formation of Pickering emulsions, as illustrated above for the case of vesicles.¹⁸⁷