Table 2. Validation of the Analytical Method and MRM Transitions (Q1/Q3) Monitored for the Eight Phytochemicals.
| MRM
transitiona |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| phytochemical | quantifier (m/z) | qualifier (m/z) | retention time (min) | spike level (ng/bee) | recoveryb (%) | RSD (%) | LODc (ng/bee) | LOQc (ng/bee) |
| atropine | 290/124 | 290/77 | 8.9 | 240 | 108 ± 6 | 6 | 45 | 151 |
| senecionine | 336/120 | 336/308 | 9.1 | 4.9 | 78 ± 7 | 9 | 1.1 | 3.5 |
| senkirkine | 366/168 | 366/150 | 9.9 | 7.4 | 72 ± 5 | 8 | 1.2 | 4 |
| gelsemine | 323/70 | 323/236 | 7.6 | 510 | 74 ± 3 | 5 | 56 | 185 |
| methyllycaconitine | 683/216 | 683/651 | 12.8 | 0.3 | 99 ± 12 | 12 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
| amygdalin | 456/323 | 456/59 | 9.0 | 240 | 67 ± 3 | 4 | 21 | 70.2 |
| aucubin | 345/183 | 345/165 | 5.1 | 16,400 | 76 ± 10 | 13 | 4809 | 16,030 |
| triptolide | 378/361 | 378/91 | 4.8 | 4.4 | 82 ± 82 | 7 | 0.8 | 2.7 |
a
The quantifier MRM transition was used for quantitation, whereas the qualifier MRM transition was used to aid compound identification.
b
Recovery percentages are listed as ± the SD.
c
LOD and LOQ were calculated as three and ten times the SD, respectively, of the eight replicates prepared for method validation.