Table 1.

Donor screening through clinical assessment and laboratory tests

Stage 1. Clinical assessment	Stage 2. Laboratory tests
	Stool tests	Serological screening	Additional tests
General questions  - Date of birth  - Gender (pregnant if female)  - Height, weight  - Logistics* Questions associated with infectious/transmissible diseases  - High-risk sexual behavior  - Recent travel history to high-risk countries†  - Infectious disease risk (piercing, tattoos, imprisonment)  - Any relationship with a person with a transmittable disease GI-related questions  - Recent GI symptoms or disease  - Atopic syndrome, asthma, allergies  - Autoimmune disease  - Chronic pain  - Mental health condition (depression, ADHD/ADD, anxiety)  - Neurological disease (e.g., Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s)  - Medical history (surgery, malignancy, other diagnoses)  - Restrictive diet or eating disorder  - Family history (GI disorder, colon cancer)  - Medication or supplement use within three months (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral, prescription medicine, herbal medicine)	Viral tests  - Viruses associated with diarrhea (RT-PCR): Rotavirus, Norovirus GI/GII, Adenovirus, Astrovirus Parasitic tests  - Parasites and ova (multiplex PCR): Ascaris lumbricoides, Cryptosporidium parvum/hominis, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, Strongyloides stercoralis, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Trichuris trichiura, Clonorchis sinensis, Diphyllobothrium latum, Blastocystis hominis Bacterial tests  - Helicobacter pylori (nested PCR)  - Bacteria associated with diarrhea (PCR): Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Vibrio spp. Campylobacter spp. (C. jejuni, C. coli), Yersinia enterocolitica, Aeromonas spp.  - Multidrug-resistant bacteria: MRSA (Cx), CRE (Cx + PCR), VRE (Cx + PCR), ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (Cx) Additional fecal tests  - Fecal white blood cell  - Occult blood	Viral tests  - Hepatitis A virus IgM  - Hepatitis B virus surface antigen  - Hepatitis C virus antibody  - HIV I, II  - Epstein-Barr virus (IgG, IgM)  - Cytomegalovirus (IgG, IgM) Parasitic test: Not applicable Bacterial test  - Syphilis reagin testOther blood tests  - Routine chemistry‡  - Amylase/lipase  - C-reactive protein  - LDL/HDL cholesterol  - Triglyceride  - Antinuclear antibody test  - Erythrocyte sedimentation rate  - Insulin  - Complete blood count  - Platelet count	- Urea breath test§ - Chest (posteroanterior) radiography

^*To determine the rate of possible donation and donor capability to deliver fecal material within two hrs. ^†Regions at high risk of (1) communicable disease/traveler’s diarrhea (e.g., Southeast Asia, Africa, and the Middle East) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (United Kingdom, Europe). ^‡Routine chemistry tests include tests for calcium, inorganic phosphate, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, total cholesterol, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase, serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, and total bilirubin. ^§Added in May 2019 for more rigorous screening for asymptomatic Helicobacter pylori carriers.

Abbreviations: GI, gastrointestinal; ADHD/ADD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder/attention deficit disorder; RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Cx, culture; CRE, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; VRE, vancomycin-resistant enterococci; ESBL, extended spectrum β-lactamase; LDL, low density lipoprotein; HDL, high density lipoprotein.