Table 2.

Percentage changes in current smoking prevalence based on fixed effect coefficients from adjusted mixed effect linear regression models, by policy component, sex and age group

Age and policy component	Men			Women			Both sexes
	Relative change	95% UI	P	Relative change	95% UI	P	Relative change	95% UI	P
≥15
RIP	−0.9	−1.3 to −0.5	<0.001	−0.6	−1.0 to −0.2	0.014	−0.7	−1.1 to −0.4	0.001
P	−1.1	−1.7 to −0.5	<0.001	−0.9	−1.7 to 0.1	0.065	−1.0	−1.6 to −0.5	0.001
W	−2.1	−2.7 to −1.6	<0.001	−3.6	−4.5 to −2.9	<0.001	−2.1	−2.6 to −1.5	<0.001
E	−1.9	−2.6 to −1.1	<0.001	−1.9	−2.9 to −1.8	0.002	−1.8	−2.5 to −1.8	<0.001
15–29
RIP	−1.1	−1.6 to −0.6	<0.001	−0.8	−1.5 to −0.1	0.016	−1.1	−1.6 to −0.6	0.001
P	−1.0	−1.7 to −0.3	0.003	−0.8	−1.9 to 0.4	0.177	−0.9	−1.6 to −0.3	0.008
W	−2.1	−2.7 to −1.4	<0.001	−4.0	−5.0 to −3.0	<0.001	−2.1	−2.8 to −1.4	<0.001
E	−2.2	−3.1 to −2.2	<0.001	−2.5	−4.0 to −2.5	<0.001	−2.1	−2.9 to −1.1	<0.001
30–49
RIP	−1.1	−1.6 to −0.6	<0.001	−0.6	−1.1 to −0.1	0.016	−0.9	−1.3 to −0.4	0.001
P	−1.1	−1.8 to −0.5	<0.001	−1.3	−2.3 to −0.2	0.016	−1.2	−1.8 to −0.6	0.001
W	−2.4	−3.0 to −1.8	<0.001	−3.5	−4.5 to −2.6	<0.001	−2.2	−2.8 to −1.5	<0.001
E	−1.7	−2.5 to −1.7	<0.001	−1.7	−3.1 to −1.7	0.010	−1.6	−2.5 to −1.6	0.001
≥50
RIP	−0.6	−0.9 to −0.3	<0.001	−0.2	−0.3 to 0.0	0.119	−0.3	−0.6 to −0.1	0.011
P	−1.2	−1.8 to −0.6	<0.001	−0.1	−1.0 to 0.8	0.797	−1.0	−1.5 to −0.4	0.001
W	−1.9	−2.4 to −1.3	<0.001	−2.9	−3.7 to −2.1	<0.001	−1.7	−2.2 to −1.2	<0.001
E	−1.9	−2.7 to −1.9	<0.001	−2.0	−3.0 to −2.0	<0.001	−1.9	−2.6 to −1.9	<0.001

The models examined the adjusted association between smoke-free (P), health warning (W) and advertising (E) achievement scores, as well as cigarette’s affordability (RIP) and current smoking prevalence, from 2009 to 2017, across 175 countries (n = 823 country-years). Linear mixed models were fitted by maximum likelihood and t-tests used Satterthwaite approximations to degrees of freedom. P values were considered statistically significant if <0.05.