Table 1.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria in the NuEva study.

INCLUSION CRITERIA

▪ Healthy volunteers ▪ Female (pre-menopause) and male gender ▪ Age: 18 to < 65 years ▪ BMI < 30 kg/m2 ▪ Adherence to one of the four diets (Western diet, flexitarians, vegetarians, vegans) confirmed by lifestyle and food questionnaires (FFPs over 5d, run-in) ▪ Precondition: stable eating habits for at least 1 year before enrolment

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

▪ Patients with any acute or chronic disease (tumor, infection, other), gastrointestinal disease, diabetes mellitus (type I, II), chronic renal disease, diseases of the parathyroid, diseases necessitating regular phlebotomies, or other chronic diseases, which could affect the results of the present study ▪ Use of prescription medicine, which could affect results of the study, including systemic glucocorticoids, and lipid-lowering agents ▪ Dependency on alcohol or drugs ▪ Simultaneous participation in other clinical studies ▪ Inability (physically or psychologically) to comply with the procedures required by the protocol ▪ Changes in eating habits Treatments precluding participation (at least 3 months prior to study start) and/or during the trial ▪ Weight loss or weight gain (> 3 kg) ▪ Fundamental changes in dietary habits (precondition: stable eating habits for at least 1 year before enrolment) ▪ Hormone replacement therapy ▪ Elite athletes (>15 h of strenuous physical activity per week) ▪ Pregnancy or lactation ▪ Transfusion of blood in the last 3 months before blood sample taking