Table 2.
Clinical and imaging characteristics were compared between MSA-C and MSA-P patients with HCBs.
| Overall (n = 81) | MSA-C (n = 50) | MSA-P (n = 31) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autonomic failure | ||||
| Orthostatic hypotension | 44 (54%) | 30 (60%) | 14 (45%) | 0.193† |
| Urinary incontinence | 8 (10%) | 4 (8%) | 4 (13%) | 0.474‡ |
| Incomplete bladder empty | 49 (60%) | 28 (56%) | 21 (68%) | 0.293† |
| Constipation | 53 (65%) | 33 (66%) | 20 (65%) | 0.891† |
| Any | 81 (100%) | 50 (100%) | 31(100%) | …. |
| Cerebellar dysfunction | ||||
| Gait ataxia | 68 (84%) | 47 (94%) | 21 (68%) | 0.004‡a |
| Limb ataxia | 68 (84%) | 46 (92%) | 22 (71%) | 0.026‡a |
| Cerebellar dysarthria | 28 (35%) | 23 (46%) | 5 (16%) | 0.008‡a |
| Nystagmus | 8 (10%) | 8 (16%) | 0 (0%) | 0.021‡a |
| Any | 74 (91%) | 50 (100%) | 24 (77%) | 0.001‡a |
| Parkinsonism | ||||
| Bradykinesia | 43 (53%) | 14 (28%) | 29 (94%) | 0.001‡a |
| Rigidity | 39 (48%) | 12 (24%) | 27 (8%) | 0.001‡a |
| Postural instability | 46 (57%) | 25 (50%) | 21 (68%) | 0.117† |
| Resting tremor | 37 (46%) | 10 (20%) | 27 (87%) | 0.001‡a |
| Any | 48 (59%) | 17 (34%) | 31(100%) | 0.001‡a |
| Corticospinal dysfunction | ||||
| Babinski sign | 43 (53%) | 25 (50%) | 18 (58%) | 0.480† |
| Atypical symptoms | ||||
| Dementia | 12 (15%) | 8 (16%) | 4 (12%) | 0.760‡ |
| Neurological scores | ||||
| SARA | 11.0 (4.0–16.5) | 14.0 (5.8–21) | 5.0 (2.0–13.0) | 0.001§a |
| UMSARS-IV | 2.0 (2.0–4.0) | 3.5 (2.0–4.0) | 3.0 (2.0–5.0) | 0.775§ |
| Imaging features | ||||
| HCB vertical line | 1.57 (1.44–1.71) | 1.58 (1.45–1.71) | 1.56 (1.35–1.70) | 0.434§ |
| HCB horizon line | 1.49 (0–1.89) | 1.73 (0–1.99) | 0.95 (0–1.70) | 0.169§ |
| Atrophy of pons | 1.66 (1.48–1.89) | 1.67 (1.48–1.87) | 1.66 (1.48–1.89) | 0.694§ |
| Atrophy of MCP | 1.05 (0.89–1.24) | 1.04 (0.92–1.23) | 1.08 (0.85–1.34) | 0.953§ |
| HCB grade | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 0.465§ |
Data are n (%), or median (IQR), unless stated otherwise.
†Based on χ2 test, significance level of 0.05 (two-tailed). ‡Based on Fisher’s exact test (if any cell has fewer than ten observations) with level of significance set to 0·05 (two-tailed). §Based on Mann–Whitney test with significance level of 0.05.
aSignificant difference between MSA-C and MSA-P patients, P < 0.05.
UMSARS Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale, MSA-C multiple system atrophy (cerebellar subtype), MSA-P multiple system atrophy (parkinsonism subtype). MCP middle cerebellar peduncles. SARA Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia.