Table 3.
Odds ratios for association of biologic exposure with patient and hospital level factors
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Patient level factors | ||
| Age | 1.04 (0.70–1.54) | ------- |
| Female gender | 0.88 (0.58–1.34) | 0.69 (0.42–1.14) |
| Race | ||
| White | [Reference group] | ------- |
| Black | 1.48 (0.80–2.76) | ------- |
| Asian | 1.88 (0.62–5.69) | ------- |
| Other | 1.07 (0.60–1.94) | ------- |
| Medicaid insurance | 1.43 (0.93–2.19) | ------- |
| Discharge year | ** | ** |
| Laboratory billing code for >1 complete blood count per day* | 2.59 (1.24–5.41) | 2.35 (0.94–5.91) |
| Laboratory billing code for venous or arterial blood gas* | 2.84 (1.18–6.88) | ------- |
| ICU level care* | 4.33 (1.70–11.06) | 4.94 (1.64–14.86) |
| Hospital level factors | ||
| Systemic JIA volume# | 1.47 (0.83–2.60) | ------- |
| Hospital inpatient admissions per year | ||
| Low (≤ 12,000) | [Reference group] | [Reference group] |
| Medium-low (12,000–15,999) | 1.35 (0.38–4.87) | 1.64 (0.37–7.24) |
| Medium-high (16,000–21,000) | 1.90 (0.57–6.39) | 3.44 (0.82–14.41) |
| High (≥21,000) | 3.59 (1.05–12.25) | 6.68 (1.54–28.89) |
| Pediatric Rheumatology fellowship | 1.36 (0.63–2.97) | ------- |
| Region | ||
| Northeast | [Reference group] | ------- |
| Southeast | 1.18 (0.32–4.28) | ------- |
| Southwest | 2.39 (0.58–9.81) | ------- |
| Midwest | 1.14 (0.35–3.77) | ------- |
| West | 1.03 (0.30–3.49) | ------- |
*
Within first two hospital days of admission
#
Systemic JIA volume characterized as mean number of systemic JIA patients per year at each site. Not included in multivariable model due to collinearity with annual hospital volume.
**
Discharge year was a significant positive predictor of biologic exposure and included in multivariable model (see Figure 2).