Table 1.

Bacterial strains used in this study.

Strain	Characteristics	Reference
UA159	Streptococcus mutans wild-type reference strain	University of Alabama
MMZ952	gtfA::Em gtfBCD ftf fruA	Zeng and Burne, 2013
∆ccpA	ccpA::Em	Wen and Burne, 2002; Abranches et al., 2008