Table 2.

Effect of allocation to azithromycin on key study outcomes

		Azithromycin (n=2582)	Usual care (n=5181)	RR (95% CI)	p value
Primary outcome
28-day mortality		561 (22%)	1162 (22%)	0·97 (0·87–1·07)	0·50
Secondary outcomes
Time to being discharged alive, days		10 (5 to >28)	11 (5 to >28)	NA	NA
Discharged from hospital within 28 days		1788 (69%)	3525 (68%)	1·04 (0·98–1·10)	0·19
Receipt of invasive mechanical ventilation or death*		603/2430 (25%)	1273/4881 (26%)	0·95 (0·87–1·03)	0·24
	Invasive mechanical ventilation	211/2430 (9%)	461/4881 (9%)	0·92 (0·79–1·07)	0·29
	Death	496/2430 (20%)	1028/4881 (21%)	0·97 (0·88–1·07)	0·52
Subsidiary clinical outcomes
Receipt of ventilation†		226/1368 (17%)	491/2705 (18%)	0·91 (0·79–1·05)	0·20
Non-invasive ventilation		214/1368 (16%)	467/2705 (17%)	0·91 (0·78–1·05)	0·19
Invasive mechanical ventilation		57/1368 (4%)	115/2705 (4%)	0·98 (0·72–1·34)	0·90
Successful cessation of invasive mechanical ventilation‡		54/152 (36%)	96/300 (32%)	1·15 (0·82–1·62)	0·42
Use of haemodialysis or haemofiltration§		105/2539 (4%)	224/5102 (4%)	0·94 (0·75–1·18)	0·61

Data are n (%), median (IQR), or n/N (%), unless otherwise indicated. RR=rate ratio for the outcomes of 28-day mortality, hospital discharge, and successful cessation of invasive mechanical ventilation, and risk ratio for other outcomes. NA=not applicable.

^*Analyses exclude those on invasive mechanical ventilation at randomisation.

^†Analyses exclude those on any form of ventilation at randomisation.

^‡Analyses restricted to those on invasive mechanical ventilation at randomisation.

^§Analyses exclude those on haemodialysis or haemofiltration at randomisation.