. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Sch Psychol. 2020 Dec 5;84:19–31. doi: 10.1016/j.jsp.2020.11.001

Table 2.

Initial and Changes in ERU Predicting Academic and Executive Functioning

	β	Unstandardized B	T-Test	Model R²	F Change
WJ Math Composite Post (SS)

Step 1: Child age	.06	1.88	1.36	.51	84.33^***
WJ Math Composite Pre	.38^***	.47	7.84
IQ	.52^***	7.57	11.00
Step 2: ERU Pre	.14^**	.68	2.55	.54	4.34^*
Step 3: ERU Post	.09	.46	1.70	.54	2.88

WJ Reading Composite Post (SS)

Step 1: Child age	−.13^***	−3.02	−3.22	.62	127.86^***
WJ Reading Composite Pre	.65^***	.70	15.53
IQ	.30^***	3.10	8.11
Step 2: ERU Pre	.12^**	.47	2.72	.64	7.43^**
Step 3: ERU Post	.07	.23	1.33	.64	1.78

WJ Writing Composite Post (SS)

Step 1: Child age	.10	2.21	1.78	.41	47.40^***
WJ Writing Composite Pre	.51^***	.48	8.26
IQ	.22^***	3.24	3.58
Step 2: ERU Pre	.15^*	.54	2.12	.43	3.51^*
Step 3: ERU Post	.07	.27	.99	.43	.98

HTKS Post

Step 1: Child age	.05	1.86	.76	.22	22.80^***
HTKS Pre	.51^***	.77	8.75
IQ	.11	2.86	1.86
Step 2: ERU Pre	.13^*	.83	1.98	.25	3.93^*
Step 3: ERU Post	.44^***	2.68	7.74	.39	59.87^***

^***

p < .001,

^**

p < .01,

p < .05.

Note. WJ = Woodcock-Johnson Test of Achievement, 3^rd Edition, SS = standardized scores, ERU = emotion recognition/understanding, HTKS = head toes knees shoulder task