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. 2021 Feb 16;20:96. doi: 10.1186/s12936-021-03635-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Fragmentation of parasites based on inferred genetic clusters. a Scatterplot of the discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) based on discrimination of the 8 inferred genetic clusters of P. falciparum populations. Samples whose source of infection is unknown are included. Individual multi-locus genotypes appear as dots. Colours and lines represent population membership. Analysis is based on retention of 50 principal components (top right insert). b Proportion of monoclonal (MOI = 1) to polyclonal (MOI > 1) infections in the fragmented genetic clusters. c Proportion of clonal (1-Fws ≤ 0.05) to highly diverse (1-Fws ≥ 0.30) infections. Medium represents infections with 1-Fws > 0.05 but < 0.30