TABLE 2.
Univariate and Multiple Logistic Regression of Utilization Using Demographic, Disease, and Clinical Characteristics as Predictors of Utilization Among Cohort of 735 IBD Patients
| Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P | Odds Ratio (95%) | P | |
| Female sex | 0.89 (0.59–1.34) | 0.57 | — | — |
| Age group | ||||
| 16–30 | Ref | Ref | ||
| 31–50 | 0.82 (0.51–1.29) | 0.39 | — | — |
| >50 | 0.83 (0.48–1.45) | 0.52 | ||
| Race | ||||
| White | Ref | Ref | ||
| Black | 1.22 (0.61–2.42) | 0.57 | — | — |
| Asian | 1.68 (0.34–8.19) | 0.52 | ||
| Hispanic | 0.42 (0.05–3.23) | 0.40 | ||
| Other/unknown | 0.28 (0.04–2.10) | 0.22 | ||
| Insurance coverage | ||||
| Commercial | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Medicare | 1.64 (0.81–3.32) | 0.17 | 1.29 (0.57–2.91) | 0.54 |
| Medical assistance | 5.38 (2.40–12.0) | <0.0001 | 3.57 (1.38–9.20) | 0.008 |
| None | 1.25 (0.14–10.87) | 0.84 | 1.21 (0.12–11.99) | 0.87 |
| Body mass index | ||||
| Normal (18.5–24.9) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Underweight (<18.5) | 2.06 (1.03–4.11) | 0.04 | 1.19 (0.48–2.90) | 0.71 |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 0.74 (0.44–1.24) | 0.25 | 0.67 (0.37–1.20) | 0.18 |
| Obese (>30) | 0.71 (0.40–1.26) | 0.25 | 0.46 (0.23–0.89) | 0.02 |
| Disease type | ||||
| Ulcerative colitis | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Crohn’s disease | 1.98 (1.24–3.15) | 0.0039 | 1.69 (0.95–3.01) | 0.07 |
| IBD-related surgery | 1.62 (1.03–2.55) | 0.03 | 0.94 (0.51–1.72) | 0.84 |
| IBD in first degree relative | 1.29 (0.75–2.24) | 0.35 | — | — |
| Current ostomy | 6.20 (2.51–15.32) | <0.0001 | 4.82 (1.51–15.37) | 0.008 |
| History of C. difficile infection | 2.42 (1.31–4.47) | 0.004 | 1.84 (0.86–3.96) | 0.12 |
| Current medications, n (%) | ||||
| Aminosalicylates | 0.83 (0.54–1.27) | 0.39 | — | — |
| Steroids | 1.84 (1.21–2.80) | 0.004 | 1.83 (1.11–3.04) | 0.02 |
| Biologics | 1.04 (0.67–1.61) | 0.86 | — | — |
| Immunomodulators | 1.32 (0.82–2.15) | 0.25 | — | — |
| Antibiotics | 2.08 (1.16–3.76) | 0.013 | 1.21 (0.59–2.48) | 0.60 |
| Narcotics | 3.05 (1.94–4.79) | <0.0001 | 1.70 (0.94–3.06) | 0.08 |
| Moderate to severe depression | 2.22 (1.46–3.39) | 0.0002 | 1.02 (0.58–1.78) | 0.94 |
| Poor Quality of life (SIBDQ <50) | 3.03 (1.82–5.05) | <0.0001 | 2.29 (1.23–4.27) | 0.009 |
| Tachycardia (Heart rate>100/min) | 2.44 (1.42–4.18) | 0.0012 | 1.72 (0.88–3.35) | 0.11 |
| Elevated C-reactive protein (>3) | 1.68 (1.09–2.59) | 0.018 | 1.45 (0.87–2.43) | 0.16 |
| Hypoalbuminemia (< 3.5) | 0.88 (0.57–1.37) | 0.58 | — | — |
Abbreviation: HR, heart rate