Table 1.
Patients characteristics according to the study group
| Intervention (n = 201) | Control (n = 198) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 63.4 ± 14.8 | 63.1 ± 14.3 | 0.77 |
| Women | 60 (31.1) | 65 (33.5) | 0.67 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.7 (23.4; 32.8) | 27.1 (24.1; 30.8) | 0.81 |
| At least one chronic disease | 160 (79.6) | 157 (79.3) | 0.94 |
| Diabetes | 42 (26.3) | 60 (38.2) | 0.023 |
| Cirrhosis | 12 (7.5) | 18 (11.6) | 0.21 |
| Heart failure | 13 (8.2) | 14 (8.9) | 0.79 |
| Arterial hypertension | 106 (66.3) | 93 (59.6) | 0.22 |
| Coronary artery disease | 26 (16.3) | 18 (11.6) | 0.23 |
| Chronic renal failure | 13 (8.1) | 13 (8.3) | 0.95 |
| COPD | 23 (14.4) | 21 (13.5) | 0.81 |
| Mc CABE score | 0.21 | ||
| Non-fatal | 140 (71.8) | 143 (74.1) | |
| Ultimately fatal (1–4 years) | 47 (24.1) | 36 (18.7) | |
| Rapidly fatal (< 1 year) | 8 (4.1) | 14 (7.3) | |
| ICU admission | |||
| Recent surgical history | 122 (60.7) | 123 (62.1) | 0.77 |
| Sepsis on admission | 72 (35.8) | 75 (37.9) | 0.67 |
| Significant bleeding on admission | 35 (17.4) | 37 (18.7) | 0.74 |
| Transfusion before inclusion* | 92 (45.8) | 90 (44.5) | 0.95 |
| SAPS II | 38 (29; 51) | 41 (27; 55) | 0.49 |
| SOFA | 6 (4; 9) | 7 (4; 10) | 0.14 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 11.1 ± 2.2 | 11.2 ± 2.7 | 0.98 |
| Organ support during ICU stay | |||
| ICU LOS (days) | 13 (7; 22) | 12 (7; 20) | 0.89 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 158 (78.6) | 160 (80.8) | 0.58 |
| Duration of MV (days) | 4 (2; 12) | 5 (2; 12) | 0.86 |
| Renal support | 31 (15.4) | 26 (13.1) | 0.51 |
| Duration of support (days) | 7 (2; 14) | 4 (2; 13) | 0.34 |
| Catecholamine | 129 (64.2) | 133 (67.2) | 0.53 |
| Duration of catecholamine (days) | 3 (2; 5) | 3 (2; 5) | 0.68 |
| ICU discharge blood tests | |||
| Hb (g/dL) | 10.0 (9.1; 10.8) | 9.7 (8.8; 10.7) | 0.12 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 66.0 (39.0; 102.9) | 69.0 (34.0; 128.0) | 0.82 |
| Ferritin (µg/L) | 710 (363; 1201) | 584 (286; 903) | 0.16 |
| TSAT (%) | 14 (10; 22) | 14 (12; 19) | 0.84 |
| Hepcidin (µg/L) | 31.10 (13.35; 56.25) | 33.70 (13.55; 65.45) | 0.67 |
| Absolute ID (n) | 71 (35.3) | 65 (32.8) | 0.47 |
| Functional ID (n) | 37 (18.4) | 47 (23.7) | 0.29 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD, median(Q1;Q3) or n(%)
BMI Body Mass Index, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ICU intensive care unit, SAPS II Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, SOFA Simplified Organ Failure Assessment, Hb hemoglobin, LOS length of stay, MV mechanical ventilation, CRP C reactive protein, TSAT transferrin saturation. Absolute ID Absolute iron deficiency was defined as an hepcidin < 20 µg/L; Functional ID functional iron deficiency was defined as 20 ≤ hepcidin < 41 µg/L
*Transfusion before inclusion is defined as having received a blood transfusion during the week before inclusion