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. 2021 Feb 15;16:7. doi: 10.1186/s13024-020-00421-4

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — Serum and brain changes of the tryptophan (TRP) and kynurenine (KYN) concentrations and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity in pMCAo+D mice. These elements of the tryptophan/kynurenine pathway are shown at the left. a-f show changes in concentrations or activity of these molecules in the C, D, pMCAo and pMCAo+D mice, in serum (a, b, c) and brain (d, e, f). a Serum TRP levels did not differ between the four groups. b Serum KYN levels were significantly higher in D than in C mice (P < 0.05). c Serum IDO activity was significantly higher in pMCAo+D animals than in pMCAo mice (P < 0.01) or C mice (P < 0.0001). It was higher in D mice than in pMCAo (P < 0.01) or C mice (P < 0.0001). d Brain TRP levels did not differ between the four groups. e Brain KYN levels were significantly higher in pMCAo+D animals than in pMCAo or C mice (P < 0.0001). They were higher in D mice than in pMCAo or C mice (P < 0.0001). f Brain IDO activity was significantly higher in pMCAo+D animals than in pMCAo mice (P < 0.01) or C mice (P < 0.01). It was higher in D mice than in pMCAo (P < 0.0001) or C mice (P < 0.001) (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001)