Table 3. Medical and health characteristics of patients.
| Variables | Total (N=650) | Stroke Patients (N=205) | Stroke-free Patients (N=445) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body mass index in Kg/m2; mean (SD) | 26.5 (5.1) | 27.2 (5.4) | 26.2 (4.9) | 0.016 |
| Medication History; N(%) | ||||
| Antihypertensive | 274 (42.2) | 140 (68.3) | 134 (30.1) | <0.001 |
| Lipid lowering medication | 153 (23.5) | 70 (34.1) | 83 (18.7) | <0.001 |
| Anti-diabetes | 174 (26.8) | 72 (35.1) | 102 (22.9) | 0.002 |
| Antidepressant | 86 (13.2) | 36 (17.6) | 50 (11.2) | 0.034 |
| Anticoagulant | 47 (7.2) | 29 (14.1) | 18 (4.0) | <0.001 |
| Aspirin | 210 (32.3) | 99 (48.3) | 111 (24.9) | <0.001 |
| Clopidogrel | 60 (9.2) | 29 (14.1) | 31 (7.0) | 0.005 |
| Medical History; N(%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 278 (42.8) | 152 (74.1) | 126 (28.3) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 172 (26.5) | 75 (36.6) | 97 (21.8) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 137 (21.1) | 62 (30.2) | 75 (16.9) | <0.001 |
| Cardiac Arrhythmia/Atrial Fibrillation | 93 (14.3) | 57 (27.8) | 36 (8.1) | <0.001 |
| Coronary Heart Disease/Myocardial Infarction | 128 (16.2) | 87 (42.4) | 41 (9.2) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral Artery Disease | 24 (3.7) | 17 (8.3) | 7 (1.6) | <0.001 |
| Heart Failure | 65 (10.0) | 35 (17.1) | 30 (6.7) | <0.001 |
| Deep Venous Thrombosis/Pulmonary Embolism | 41 (6.3) | 25 (12.2) | 16 (3.6) | <0.001 |
| Obesity | 144 (22.2) | 53 (25.9) | 91 (20.4) | 0.128 |
| Previous TIA/stroke | 77 (11.8) | 71 (34.6) | 6 (1.3) | <0.001 |
| Physically active | 251 (38.6) | 58 (28.3) | 193 (43.4) | <0.001 |
| Cigarette smoking status; N(%) | <0.001 | |||
| Non-smokers | 410 (63.1) | 106 (51.7) | 304 (68.3) | |
| Current smokers | 194 (29.8) | 83 (40.5) | 111 (24.9) | |
| Previous smokers | 46 (7.1) | 16 (7.8) | 30 (6.7) | |
| Waterpipe smoking status; N(%) | 0.001 | |||
| Non-smokers | 584 (89.8) | 172 (83.9) | 412 (92.6) | |
| Current smokers | 47 (7.2) | 21 (10.2) | 26 (5.8) | |
| Previous smokers | 19 (2.9) | 12 (5.9) | 7 (1.6) | |
| Family history of stroke; N(%) | 108 (16.6) | 72 (35.1) | 36 (8.1) | <0.001 |
| Family history of cardiac disease; N(%) | 214 (32.9) | 90 (43.9) | 124 (27.9) | <0.001 |
| Blood pressure classification on admission; N(%)19 | <0.001 | |||
| Grade 1 | 95 (14.6) | 62 (30.2) | 33 (7.4) | |
| Grade 2 | 39 (6.0) | 34 (16.6) | 5 (1.1) | |
| Grade 3 | 24 (3.7) | 22 (10.7) | 2 (0.4) |