Table 1. Study hospitals and antibiotic prescribing rates during outpatient visits for target conditions by early and late adopters.
| Early adopters (n=136)a | Late adopters (n=681)a | |
|---|---|---|
| Type of hospitals, number | ||
| District | 113 | 595 |
| Provincial | 23 | 86 |
| Geographic location of hospitals, number | ||
| Northern region | 46 | 137 |
| Northeastern region | 62 | 234 |
| Central region | 1 | 201 |
| Southern region | 27 | 109 |
| Antibiotics prescribing rate, meanb (standard deviation) [number of hospitals and outpatient visits]c | ||
| Respiratory infectionsd | ||
| Fiscal year 2014 | 41.5 (14.6) [37, 344564] | 43.5 (15.4) [419, 3087582] |
| Fiscal year 2015 | 40.5 (13.0) [78, 693546] | 41.5 (14.4) [478, 3703112] |
| Fiscal year 2016 | 36.7 (12.2) [109, 1088750] | 40.0 (13.4) [607, 5289537] |
| Fiscal year 2017 | 31.3 (11.0) [136, 1219255] | 32.4 (11.6) [677, 5753129] |
| Fiscal year 2018 | 24.4 (8.4) [135, 1170717] | 25.7 (9.9) [679, 5514038] |
| Fiscal year 2019 | 21.0 (6.7) [136, 1086206] | 22.1 (8.5) [681, 5098334] |
| Acute diarrhea | ||
| Fiscal year 2014 | 47.9 (15.4) [37, 65049] | 45.7 (17.1) [419, 624452] |
| Fiscal year 2015 | 41.1 (13.9) [78, 130974] | 42.0 (16.7) [477, 794671] |
| Fiscal year 2016 | 35.8 (12.1) [109, 207506] | 40.9 (15.9) [606, 1053024] |
| Fiscal year 2017 | 29.7 (10.9) [136, 247117] | 32.2 (13.6) [677, 1163154] |
| Fiscal year 2018 | 21.6 (8.5) [135, 259551] | 23.0 (11.0) [678, 1302709] |
| Fiscal year 2019 | 17.9 (7.0) [136, 267546] | 19.3 (9.0) [681, 1251650] |
| Fresh wounds | ||
| Fiscal year 2014 | 64.1 (8.0) [37, 122128] | 64.8 (9.7) [418, 1330707] |
| Fiscal year 2015 | 62.0 (8.7) [78, 241451] | 65.1 (9.8) [478, 1710325] |
| Fiscal year 2016 | 60.8 (9.2) [109, 402247] | 65.3 (9.3) [606, 2146376] |
| Fiscal year 2017 | 57.3 (9.8) [136, 533471] | 62.0 (9.7) [676, 2633784] |
| Fiscal year 2018 | 51.2 (10.3) [135, 569364] | 55.6 (11.8) [677, 2890100] |
| Fiscal year 2019 | 41.3 (11.7) [136, 468507] | 45.6 (12.5) [675, 2506235] |
a
Total number of hospitals overall study years
b
Unweighted by the number of outpatient visits per hospital (or equally weighted)
c
The number of hospitals submitting health service data to the Ministry of Public Health increased in later years
d
Includes upper respiratory tract infections and acute bronchitis