Key resources table.

Reagent type (species) or resource	Designation	Source or reference	Identifiers	Additional information
Strain, strain background (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	yGIL432	First reported in Lang et al., 2011	Early clone/Ancestor of evolution experiment	Lang Lab strain collection
Strain, strain background (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	yGIL519	First reported in Lang et al., 2011	ymCitrine reference strain	Lang Lab strain collection
Strain, strain background (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	yGIL1582	This paper	Intermediate clone	Lang Lab strain collection
Strain, strain background (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	yGIL1042	This paper	Late clone	Lang Lab strain collection
Strain, strain background (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	yGIL1097	This paper	Sensitive tester strain	Lang Lab strain collection
Strain, strain background (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	yGIL1253	This paper	Early clone/Ancestor (M1 cured)	Lang Lab strain collection
Strain, strain background (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	yGIL1353	This paper	kar1∆15 mating partner	Lang Lab strain collection
Recombinant DNA reagent	pMR1593	Mark Rose (Georgetown University)	kar1Δ15 integrating plasmid	ATCC (87710)
Sequence-based reagent	M1_F1	This paper	PCR (Sanger sequencing)	TTGGCTATTACAGCGTGCCA
Sequence-based reagent	M1_F5	This paper	PCR (Sanger sequencing)	ATGACGAAGCCAACCCAAGT
Sequence-based reagent	M1_F7	This paper	PCR (Sanger sequencing)	CAGAAAAAGAGAGAACAGGAC
Sequence-based reagent	M1_R3	This paper	cDNA synthesis, PCR (Sanger sequencing)	TGCTGTTGCATTAAACCAGGC
Sequence-based reagent	M1_R6	This paper	PCR (Sanger sequencing)	ATAGCCCGGTGCTCTGTAGG
Sequence-based reagent	LA_F2	This paper	PCR (Sanger sequencing)	ATCAGGTGATGCAGCGTTGA
Sequence-based reagent	LA_F3	This paper	PCR (Sanger sequencing)	ACTCCCCATGCTAAGATTTGTT
Sequence-based reagent	LA_R2	This paper	PCR (Sanger sequencing)	CGGCACCCTTACGGAGATAC
Sequence-based reagent	LA_R3	This paper	PCR (Sanger sequencing)	GACCTGTAATGCCCGGAGTG
Sequence-based reagent	LA_R6	This paper	PCR (Sanger sequencing)	AGTACTGAGCCCCAAGACCA
Sequence-based reagent	I292M_read1	This paper	PCR (Illumina sequencing)	CGTCGGCAGCGTCAGATGTGTATAAGAGACAGNNNNNNNNCCATGGTGTCGGCTAATGGT
Sequence-based reagent	I292M_read2	This paper	PCR (Illumina sequencing)	CGTGGGCTCGGAGATGTGTATAAGAGACAGAGGTCAGACACGATGCCCTA
Sequence-based reagent	frameshift_read1	This paper	PCR (Illumina sequencing)	CGTCGGCAGCGTCAGATGTGTATAAGAGACAGNNNNNNNNCCCGTCTGCGACAGTAGAAA
Sequence-based reagent	frameshift_read2	This paper	PCR (Illumina sequencing)	CGTGGGCTCGGAGATGTGTATAAGAGACAGTGTGTAAGAACTGCGTGGGT
Sequence-based reagent	i5_adapter	This paper	PCR (Illumina sequencing)	AATGATACGGCGACCACCGAGATCTACACNNNNNNNNTCGTCGGCAGCGTCAGATG
Sequence-based reagent	i7_adapter	This paper	PCR (Illumina sequencing)	CAAGCAGAAGACGGCATACGAGATNNNNNNNNGTCTCGTGGGCTCGGAGATGTG