FIGURE 5.
Mean difference effects of resistance-based exercise compared with control on chest press (A), leg press (B), leg extension (C), and seated row (D). Overall and subgroup analyses conducted with a random-effects model. Gray and white circles represent study-specific estimates based on risk of bias assessment (low risk and some concern or high risk of bias, respectively); I2 represents the heterogeneity test; diamonds represent pooled estimates of random-effect meta-analysis. *Combined resistance and aerobic group. #Resistance training plus impact-loading group.