Table 2.
Pathology results of the groups.
| Open(n = 32) | Laparoscopic(n = 44) | P | |
| Pathology, n (%) | .67 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 24 (75.0) | 31 (70.5) | |
| Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 8 (25.0) | 12 (27.3) | |
| Adenosquamous carcinoma | − | 1 (2.3) | |
| Length of specimen (cm) | 36.1 ± 11.9 | 34.2 ± 8.8 | .74 |
| Tumor size (cm) | 5.2 ± 2.1 | 4.6 ± 2.1 | .24 |
| Positive resection margin | NS | ||
| No | 32 (100) | 44 (100) | |
| Yes | 0 | 0 | |
| Closest distance to the tumor (cm) | 11.3 ± 5.7 | 11.6 ± 3.7 | .23 |
| Harvested lymph node | 25.2 ± 11.6 | 31.6 ± 16.1 | .10 |
| Positive lymph node | 3.1 ± 6.3 | 0.7 ± 1.6 | .13 |
| Tumor stage, n (%) | .05 | ||
| Stage 0-I | 3 (9.4) | 7 (15.9) | |
| Stage II | 15 (46.9) | 24 (54.5) | |
| Stage III | 7 (21.9) | 12 (27.3) | |
| Stage IV | 7 (21.9) | 1 (2.3) | |
| Tumor grade, n (%) | .30 | ||
| Grade 1 (low grade) | − | 3 (6.8) | |
| Grade 2 (moderate grade) | 18 (56.3) | 25 (56.8) | |
| Grade 3 (high grade) | 14 (43.8) | 16 (36.4) | |
| Perineural invasion, n (%) | 5 (15.6) | 10 (22.7) | .44 |
| Lymphovascular invasion, n (%) | 15 (46.9) | 20 (46.1) | .90 |
| Serosal invasion, n (%) | 29 (90.6) | 37 (84.1) | .32 |
NS = not significant.