Table 3.
Influence of BMI on natural log number of confirmed cases.
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel A: Adults (15−49) | ||||||||
| BMI | 0.809*** | 0.831*** | 0.160 | 0.061 | 0.154 | 0.214 | 0.387*** | 0.365** |
| (0.106) | (0.243) | (0.160) | (0.380) | (0.160) | (0.139) | (0.148) | (0.147) | |
| Observations | 390 | 62 | 265 | 63 | 264 | 270 | 266 | 266 |
| R-squared | 0.329 | 0.460 | 0.549 | 0.776 | 0.554 | 0.412 | 0.491 | 0.503 |
| Panel B: Women (15−49) | ||||||||
| BMI | 0.664*** | 0.699*** | 0.226 | −0.038 | 0.225 | 0.227* | 0.401*** | 0.355*** |
| (0.085) | (0.202) | (0.144) | (0.369) | (0.144) | (0.115) | (0.130) | (0.132) | |
| Observations | 390 | 62 | 265 | 63 | 264 | 270 | 266 | 266 |
| R-squared | 0.333 | 0.454 | 0.541 | 0.714 | 0.546 | 0.399 | 0.474 | 0.497 |
| Panel C: Men (15−49) | ||||||||
| BMI | 0.731*** | 0.859*** | 0.172 | 0.246 | 0.188 | 0.217 | 0.298** | 0.280* |
| (0.111) | (0.233) | (0.158) | (0.339) | (0.158) | (0.140) | (0.149) | (0.150) | |
| Observations | 390 | 62 | 265 | 63 | 263 | 270 | 266 | 266 |
| R-squared | 0.291 | 0.475 | 0.516 | 0.729 | 0.517 | 0.386 | 0.457 | 0.472 |
| Includes PM2.5 and rainfall, temperature | NO | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| Includes controls | NO | NO | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| Sample restricted to southern states | NO | NO | NO | YES | NO | NO | NO | NO |
| Sample restricted to non-movers | NO | NO | NO | NO | YES | NO | NO | NO |
| Include control for testing rate | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | YES | YES | YES |
| Include controls for demographic/health infrastructure | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | YES | YES |
| Includes controls for HBA, BP and glucose levels | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | YES |
| Includes log number of women elected | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | YES |
| Includes state fixed-effects | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | NO | NO | NO |
Notes: OLS regression results of district-level data presented. Models include a constant term which is not reported. Controls include a set of individual (height, age, marital status, educational level, and number of children less than 5 years in the household) and household characteristics (religion and caste identifiers, wealth index, controls for age of the household head, gender of the household head, household size, type of wall material of the house, rural/urban status, presence of electricity, type of toilet facility, primary source of drinking water and years lived in place of residence). Southern states include Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Goa. “Non-movers” include those who have been resident in the area for 10 years or more. Testing rate is measured at the state-level. State-level measures on demographic/health infrastructure include the natural log of population density in 2011, natural log of per capita health expenditure in 2016, natural log number of doctors in 2018, proportion of respiratory cases in 2018, and proportion of the population that is 60 years and above in 2017. State fixed-effects cannot be included in columns (6)-(8) as these variables are at the state-level. Column (3) does not include PM2.5 given number of missing values. Robust White standard errors reported. Table reports weighted estimates. *** Denotes significance at the 1 % level, ** at the 5 % level and * at the 1 % level.