Table 2.
Characteristics of COVID-19 patients according to quartiles of standardized phase angle (SPhA).
| Variables | (Q1) <-2 |
(Q2) −1.9–−0.8 |
(Q3) −0.7–0.2 |
(Q4) >0.3 |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 34) |
(n = 31) |
(n = 34) |
(n = 28) |
||
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | ||
| Mortality ratio (%) | 11/16 (32.4) | 2/16 (6.5) | 3/16 (8.8) | 0/10 (0) | 0.001 |
| ICU admission ratio (%) | 11/23 (47.8) | 8/23 (34.8) | 2/23 (8.7) | 2/23 (8.7) | 0.009 |
| Hospital stay (d) | 23 (11–35) | 19 (13–30) | 13 (9–23) | 13 (7–17) | 0.018 |
| Age (y) | 70 (61–85) | 73 (55–85) | 69 (58–81) | 63 (56–73) | 0.424 |
| Male sex n (%) | 11 (32.4) | 13 (41.9) | 14 (41.2) | 14 (50.0) | 0.572 |
| R/H (Ω/m) | 291 (239–339) | 303 (272–359) | 309 (275–363) | 349 (285–389) | 0.068 |
| Xc/H (Ω/m) | 13 (10–16) | 21 (17–25) | 28 (25–32) | 37 (31–43) | <0.001 |
| PhA (°) | 2.65 (2–3.3) | 3.8 (3.3–4.4) | 4.8 (4.4–5.7) | 6.1 (5.4–7) | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 72.5 (63.8–75.8) | 78 (70–90) | 80 (69.8–90.5) | 71.5 (60.5–80.0) | 0.054 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.5 (23.3–27.4) | 26.9 (23.4–31.7) | 28.5 (24.8–31.4) | 26.6 (23.5–29.6) | 0.029 |
| Hydration (%) | 87.3 (84.2–90) | 77.1 (73.7–82.2) | 73.6 (73.3–73.9) | 73.1 (72.6–73.3) | <0.001 |
| BCMI (kg) | 4.9 (3.7–6.9) | 7.3 (6.2–8.5) | 8.9 (7.6–10.9) | 9.9 (8.4–12.4) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocytes | 1045 (743–1685) | 1480 (950–1830) | 1465 (850–2050) | 1800 (1513–2318) | 0.003 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 32.6 (14.4–158.3) | 12.5 (4.2–38.6) | 14.5 (5.5–59.8) | 10.3 (4–46) | 0.017 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 2.3 (2.2–2.7) | 2.7 (2.3–3.1) | 2.9 (2.5–3.1) | 3.1 (2.8–3.2) | <0.001 |
| Pre-albumin (mg/dL) | 12.7 (8.0–24.1) | 19.1 (15–41.7) | 18.2 (9.4–27.5) | 21.6 (18–24.3) | 0.058 |
| INR | 1.09 (1.02–1.16) | 1.08 (0.99–1.15) | 1.06 (1.00–1.13) | 1.04 (0.98–1.08) | 0.174 |
| D-dimer (ng/mL) | 1802 (1050–3331) | 2095 (860–4190) | 959 (480.8–3090) | 835 (483–1309) | 0.002 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 482 (255–764) | 373 (240–729) | 686 (263–1121) | 447 (277–1109) | 0.508 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 455 (307–530) | 352 (283–483) | 442 (342–515) | 425 (302–580) | 0.402 |
IQR: interquartile range; R/H: Resistance/height; Xc/H: reactance/height; PhA: phase angle; BMI body mass index; BCMI: body cell mass index; CRP: C-reactive protein; INR: International normalized ratio.