. 2021 Feb 17;90:104773. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104773

Table 4.

Reported variants of ACE2 and their possible functional roles.

Cohort/Database	Variants in ACE2 Protein (accession number)	Possible Effect	Ref.
Italian Cohort	V506A (rs775181355)	Destabilizing effect on spike protein and ACE2 interaction	(Benetti et al., 2020a)
Italian Cohort	N720D (rs41303171), K26R (rs4646116), and G211R (rs148771870)	Effect on the interaction between spike protein and ACE2	(Benetti et al., 2020a)
GnomAD database (Canadian group)	E37K (rs146676783), T27A (rs781255386), K329G (rs143936283), and K26E (rs1299103394)	Increase the binding affinity between S protein and ACE2	(Gibson et al., 2020)
GnomAD database (Canadian group)	N720D (rs41303171), S43R (rs1447927937), G326E (rs759579097), M82I (rs766996587), K26R (rs4646116)	Decrease the binding affinity between S protein and ACE2	(Gibson et al., 2020)
GnomAD database (UK group)	G326E (rs759579097)	Enhance ACE2 binding with spike protein	(MacGowan and Barton, 2020)
GnomAD database (UK group)	E37K (rs146676783), G352V (rs370610075), and D355N (rs961360700)	Weaken ACE2 binding with spike protein	(MacGowan and Barton, 2020)
Other large genomic datasets	S19P (rs73635825), I21V (rs778030746), E23K (rs756231991), K26R (rs4646116), T27A (rs781255386), N64K (rs1199100713), T92I (rs763395248), Q102P (rs1395878099), H378R (rs142984500)	Enhanced susceptibility to viral attachment	(Procko, 2020; Stawiski et al., 2020b)
Other large genomic datasets	K31R (rs758278442), N33I, H34R, E35K (rs1348114695), E37K (rs146676783), D38V, Y50F (rs1192192618), N51S (rs1569243690), M62V (rs1325542104), K68E (rs755691167), F72V (rs1256007252), Y83H (rs759134032), G326E (rs759579097), G352V (rs370610075), D355 N (rs961360700), Q388L (rs751572714), D509Y	Decrease attachment propensity to spike protein	(Procko, 2020; Stawiski et al., 2020b)