Table 1.
Participant characteristics (N = 1091)
| n(%) or mean (sd) | Overall (N = 1091) | Not depressed (N = 801) | Depressed (N = 290) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline depression severity | |||
| Screen-negative (PHQ-2: 0) | 602 (55%) | 602 (75%) | N/A |
| Minimal (PHQ-9: 1-4) | 199 (18%) | 199 (25%) | N/A |
| Mild (PHQ-9: 5-9) | 214 (20%) | N/A | 214 (74%) |
| Moderate (PHQ-9: 10-19) | 71 (7%) | N/A | 71 (24%) |
| Severe (PHQ-9: 20-27) | 5 (< 1%) | N/A | 5 (2%) |
| Baseline depression treatment | |||
| Counseling by ART provider | 251 (23%) | N/A | 251 (87%) |
| Antidepressants | 16 (1%) | N/A | 16 (6%) |
| None | 824 (76%) | 801 (100%) | 23 (8%) |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 513 (47%) | 388 (48%) | 125 (43%) |
| Female | 578 (53%) | 413 (52%) | 165 (57%) |
| Age | 33.5 (9.6) | 33.4 (9.4) | 33.6 (10.0) |
| Residence* | |||
| Urban lilongwe | 976 (93%) | 717 (93%) | 259 (93%) |
| Rural lilongwe | 54 (5%) | 40 (5%) | 17 (6%) |
| Outside lilongwe district | 17 (2%) | 15 (2%) | 2 (1%) |
| WHO disease stage | |||
| I | 1089 (>99%) | 801 (100%) | 288 (99%) |
| II–IV | 2 (< 1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1%) |
| Baseline ART prescription** | |||
| TDF/3TC/EFV | 1078 (99%) | 791 (99%) | 287 (99%) |
| Other | 12 (1%) | 9 (1%) | 3 (1%) |
| Clinic | |||
| Clinic A | 435 (40%) | 319 (40%) | 116 (40%) |
| Clinic B | 656 (60%) | 482 (60%) | 174 (60%) |
*Missing n = 44
**Missing n = 1