Table 3.

Ludwig’s staging system [34]

Ludwig’s staging system
Stage	Histopathological findings
1	Portal stage: portal oedema, mild portal hepatitis, non-destructive cholangitis, lymphocyte infiltration in bile ducts, ductular proliferation, periductal “onion-skin” fibrosis, fibrous-obliterative cholangitis
2	Periportal stage: periportal fibrosis, interphase hepatitis, portal tracts enlargement
3	Septal stage: bridging fibrous septa, degeneration and disappearance of bile ducts
4	Cirrhosis