Table 1.

Characteristics of participants in the Cape Town cohort.

	Healthy control	Viremic HIV
Number (male/female)	14 (5/9)	15 (2/13)
Age	24.5 (21–26.75)	32 (30–34.5)*
Smokers	35.70%	0%*
Plasma viral load (copies per mL)	N/A	6383 (619–12,097)
BAL viral load (copies per mL ELF)	N/A	5546 (1036–28,034)
CD4 + T cells per μl	902 (801–1159)	571 (544–676)*
Purity of adhered AMs (%)	100 (99–100)	99 (98–100)

All participants were antiretroviral therapy-naive and were sensitized to Mycobacterium tuberculosis as determined by QuantiFERON TB Gold test without clinical or radiographic evidence of active TB. BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; ELF, epithelial lining fluid; AM, alveolar macrophage. Values are expressed as median with interquartile range. Statistical analysis was performed with Mann–Whitney test, except for smokers, where Fisher’s exact test was performed. *p < 0.05 compared to healthy controls.