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. 2021 Feb 3;15:614251. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.614251

TABLE 1.

Summary of gut microbiota and their changes in the fecal samples of PD.

Phylum Family Genus Metabolite Alteration References
Firmicutes Down/Up GBD 2015 Neurological Disorders Collaborator Group, 2017; Xu et al., 2019
Clostridiaceae Clostridium Up Santos Garcia et al., 2019
Eubacteriaceae Acetobacterium Up GBD 2015 Neurological Disorders Collaborator Group, 2017
Veillonellaceae Veillonella Up Xu et al., 2019
Lachnospiraceae Anaerostipes Up GBD 2016 Parkinson’s Disease Collaborators, 2018
Dorea Down
Blautia Down Spillantini et al., 1997; Xu et al., 2019
Roseburia Down Spillantini et al., 1997; Xu et al., 2019
Coprococcus Down
Fusicatenibacter Down Spillantini et al., 1997
Faecalibacterium Down Spillantini and Goedert, 2018
Lachnospira Nicotinic acid Pantothenic acid Down/Up Spillantini et al., 1997; Kim and Alcalay, 2017; Xu et al., 2019
Pseudobutyrivibrio Down Spillantini et al., 1997
Lactobacillaceae Lactobacter Up Kim and Alcalay, 2017; Puspita et al., 2017
Streptococcaceae Streptococcus Cadaverine Down/Up Santos Garcia et al., 2019
Ruminococcaceae Anaerotruncus Up GBD 2015 Neurological Disorders Collaborator Group, 2017
Bacteroidetes Down/Up Kim and Alcalay, 2017; Santos Garcia et al., 2019
Bacteroidaceae Bacteroides Down/Up Rocha et al., 2018; Santos Garcia et al., 2019
Odoribacteriaceae Odoribacter Down Spillantini et al., 1997; De Virgilio et al., 2016
Rikenellaceae Down
Prevotellaceae Prevotella Down/Up Bose and Beal, 2016; Rocha et al., 2018
Porphyromonas Up Spillantini et al., 1997
Proteobacteria Up De Virgilio et al., 2016; Santos Garcia et al., 2019
Alcaligenaceae Down
Comamonadaceae Down
Desulfovibrionaceae Desulfovibrio Up
Desulfohalobiaceae Desulfonauticus Up
Enterobacteriaceae Down/Up De Virgilio et al., 2016; Rocha et al., 2018
Enterobacter Up
Escherichia Up
Serratia Nicotinic acid Up
Oscillospira Down/Up Spillantini et al., 1997; Santos Garcia et al., 2019
Corynebacterium Up Spillantini et al., 1997
Sutterellaceae Sutterella Down
Comamonadaceae Comamonas Up
Actinobacteria Up Hou et al., 2019
Bifidobacteriaceae Bifidobacterium Pantothenic acid Pyroglutamic acid Up GBD 2015 Neurological Disorders Collaborator Group, 2017; Kim and Alcalay, 2017
Coriobacteriaceae Slackia Up
Microbacteriaceae Up GBD 2015 Neurological Disorders Collaborator Group, 2017
Brevibacteriaceae Brevibacterium Down Spillantini and Goedert, 2018
Verrucomicrobia Up De Virgilio et al., 2016; Santos Garcia et al., 2019; Xu et al., 2019
Verrucomicrobiaceae Akkermansia Up Kim and Alcalay, 2017; Santos Garcia et al., 2019
Prosthecobacter Up
Cyanobacteria Down Hou et al., 2019
Aphanizomenonaceae Dolichospermum Down