TABLE 6.
Main enriched function categories and candidate genes for thermal tolerance in eight local Chinese cattle and Datong yak populations.
| Category* | Term | Genes | p-value |
| SCEN1–GOTERM | Hemoglobin complex and oxygen transport | ALB, HBE2, HBM, HBZ, HBB, HBE4, HBE1, HBG, HBQ1 | < 0.00001 |
| SCEN1–GOTERM | Carbohydrate biosynthetic process | CHST11, CHST14, CHST8, CHST9 | 0.008 |
| SCEN1–GOTERM | Folic acid transport | FOLR1, FOLR2, FOLR3 | 0.010 |
| SCEN1–INTERPRO | Immunoglobulin | BCAM, CADM2, CD3G, TYRO3, CNTN2, FGFR4, FLT1, HMCN1, HMCN2, HSPG2, IGSF9, IL1RL1, MUSK, MYOM2, LRIG1, MYOM3, MYPN, NFASC, NTRK2, OPCML, PALLD, PTPRS, ROR2, ROBO2 | 0.035 |
| SCEN1–KEGG | Unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis | ACOX1, ACOT2, ACOT4, LOC512541 | 0.046 |
| SCEN1–GOTERM | Sperm capacitation | ACRBP, BSP1, BSP3, BSP5 | 0.033 |
| SCEN1–GOTERM | Steroid hormone receptor activity | RORA, RORB, HNF4A, NR1I2, NR4A3, PPARD, THRB, THRA | 0.039 |
| SCEN2–INTERPRO | Immunoglobulin complex | CD3E, CD3G, CD7, SPEG, AMIGO1, BCAM, CADM2, CNTN3, FGFR4, IGSF10, IL1RL1, IL1RL2, IL1R1, IL18R1, IL18RAP, KALRN, LRFN5, LRIG1, MFAP3, MYOM3, MYPN, NECTIN2, PTPRM, SEMA3A, SEMA3C, SEMA3D, SEMA4D, SEMA7A, TMEM25, UNC5B, ZPBP2 | 0.017 |
| SCEN2–GOTERM | Fertilization | BSP1, BSP3, BSP5 | 0.031 |
| SCEN2–UP_KEYWORDS | Hemostasis and blood coagulation | F3, FGA, FGG, VWF | 0.026 |
| SCEN2–INTERPRO | General substrate and sugar transporter | SLC2A1, SLC2A10, LOC107131287 | 0.047 |
| SCEN2–GOTERM | Platelet activation | FGA, FGG, VWF | 0.04 |
| SCEN2–GOTERM | Myosin complex | MYO1D, MYO1E, MYO5A, MYO5C | 0.041 |
| SCEN2–GOTERM | Steroid hormone receptor activity | RORA, RORB, HNF4A, THRA | 0.040 |
| SCEN2–GOTERM | Collagen | C1QTNF7, COL4A3, COL9A2, COL8A2, COL11A1 | 0.063 |
| SCEN2–UP_KEYWORDS | Respiratory chain | NDUFS3, NDUFB6, CYCS, CYCT | 0.065 |
| SCEN3–GOTERM | Myosin complex | MYO1E, MYO3A, MYO5A, MYO6 | 0.014 |
| SCEN3–GOTERM | Innate immunity | CYLD, MX1, MX2, ALCAM, LBP, NOD2, SPON2, TICAM1 | 0.040 |
| SCEN3–GOTERM | Cell–cell adhesion | LASP1, OLA1, RAB11B | 0.080 |
| SCEN4–KEGG | Salivary and acid gastric secretion | ADCY4, ADCY8, BST1, CALM1, ITPR2, PLCB1, PRKCG | 0.003 |
| SCEN4–GOTERM | Hemoglobin complex and oxygen transport | ALB, HBM, HBZ, HBQ1 | 0.006 |
| SCEN4–INTERPRO | Immunoglobulin complex | TYRO3, BCAM, CADM2, IGSF9, LRIG1, LOC100335205, NFASC, NECTIN2, PALLD, ROR2, ROBO2, SLAMF9, SEMA3D, SEMA7A, TMEM25, UNC5D | 0.009 |
| SCEN4–KEGG | Prolactin signaling pathway | MAPK8, MAPK9, PIK3R3, PRLR | 0.029 |
| SCEN4–GOTERM | Myosin complex | MYO1D, MYO3A, MYO5A | 0.034 |
| SCEN4–GOTERM | Steroid hormone receptor activity | RORA, THRB, THRA | 0.045 |
*SCEN1: all candidate genes found in all methods together (heat and cold adaptation); SCEN2: candidate genes identified in methods based on heat adaptation; SCEN3: candidate genes identified in methods based on cold adaptation; SCEN4: candidate genes identified for Datong yak.