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. 2021 Feb 2;7(2):e06187. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06187

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Effects of RNAi targeting TLR4 on SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit-induced pro-inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells. Cells were transfected with 10 nM negative control (N) or TLR4 (T) siRNA for 48 h (A), and then stimulated with 100 ng/ml of S1 or LPS for 3 h (B) or 1 h (C). Concentration of Pam2CSK4 is 10 ng/ml (B). TLR4 (A) and TNF-α (B) mRNA levels were analyzed by real-time PCR. (C) Phosphorylation levels of target proteins were analyzed by western blotting. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM (n = 3). ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, by Student's t-test (A) or one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test (B and C).